Ordnance – Automatic – Movable barrel
Patent
1996-08-09
1998-10-27
Johnson, Stephen M.
Ordnance
Automatic
Movable barrel
89165, 89178, F41B 516, F41B 514
Patent
active
058279911
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention concerns a firearm with an automatic cycle, including a frame, a barrel mounted on this frame and at least one breech bolt mounted in a movable manner relative to the frame, wherein the barrel and the breech bolt can be separated so as to make it possible to discharge a spent ammunition casing and to feed new ammunition.
2. Related Technology
In the known firearms of this type, the barrel is fixed relative to the frame or can only be moved between a rest position and a rearward position.
As a result, the firearm is relatively long.
The minimum length of a firearm, indeed, depends on the length of the barrel, which is required for the ballistic function, the length of the part of the element to close the firing chamber being situated behind the barrel, such length being imposed by the geometry and the functions of this element and the backward travel of the moveable elements.
This backward travel in turn depends on the length of the ammunition cartridge to be fed, since a minimum length of a feeding ramp is needed to make it possible for the cartridge to progressively ascend from the level of a loader to the level of the firing chamber and to allow the relative shifting of the breech bolt/slide as a whole according to kinematic principles, this shifting constituting, for example, the release movement in a gas-operated firearm with rotating breech bolt.
The invention aims to reduce the length of the firearm significantly.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To this aim, the barrel is made and supported so as to be also movable in relation to the frame, both forward and backward in relation to a rest position, and the barrel and the breech bolt are mounted such that the barrel can recoil together with the breech bolt relative to the rest position and the barrel can continue, when returning forward, its motion beyond the rest position to a forward recoil position and then return to the rest position. The motion of the barrel beyond the rest position takes place at least partly after the separation of the barrel and the breech bolt.
Firearms are known in which the barrel can move forward relative to a rest position, but in these arms the barrel moves forward simultaneously with the projectile being fired, which naturally amplifies the motion that is transmitted to the frame and thus increases the discomfort of the shooter.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the firearm contains two springs, i.e. a rearward recoil spring to push forward the assembly consisting of the barrel and the breech bolt after the recoil and a forward recoil (counter recoil) spring to push the barrel from its forward most position back to the rest position.
Preferably, the firearm contains a slide which is movable in relation to the frame and which is part of the above-mentioned assembly which can be moved backward and which consists of the breech bolt and the barrel, whereby the recoil spring mounted between the frame and the slide is compressed during the recoil, and the advance spring is mounted between the frame and the barrel and is compressed during the motion of the barrel beyond the rest position.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In order to better explain the characteristics of the invention, the following embodiment of the invention is described as an example only without being limitative in any way, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view in partial section of a firearm according to the invention and in a rest position;
FIG. 2 shows a view analogous to that of FIG. 1, but with the movable elements of the firearm in recoil position;
FIG. 3 shows a view analogous to those according to FIGS. 1 and 2, with the movable elements of the firearm in a third position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The firearm represented in the drawings is an automatic firearm which mainly consists of a frame 1, on the one hand, and a barrel 2, on the other hand; a breech bolt 3, and a slide 4 mounted
REFERENCES:
patent: 922173 (1909-05-01), Lovelace
patent: 1337444 (1920-04-01), Douglas
patent: 1886113 (1932-11-01), Lutton
patent: 3985062 (1976-10-01), Hupp et al.
patent: 5347912 (1994-09-01), Gathoye
FN Herstal S.A.
Johnson Stephen M.
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