Liquid purification or separation – Particulate material type separator – e.g. – ion exchange or... – Within flow line or flow line connected closed casing
Patent
1984-11-08
1986-07-22
Adee, John
Liquid purification or separation
Particulate material type separator, e.g., ion exchange or...
Within flow line or flow line connected closed casing
210304, 210351, 2105021, 2105101, 210DIG5, B01D 2908
Patent
active
046018255
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a filter for separating off liquids of high viscosity. The liquid primarily under consideration is oil, particularly the oil in normal drinking water which has become an export article. There is a demand for drinking water in the oil-producing countries. For this reason, experiments have been carried out with tankers transporting oil from oil-producing countries to oil-consuming countries. When these ships have delivered their cargo they usually return empty to the oil-producing countries. For economy of transport it would be extremely advantageous if the tankers could carry drinking water on the return journey. This has also been tried. The ship's tanks have been cleaned extremely carefully from oil but in spite of this the oil content in the drinking water has been found to be too high. To be drinkable the oil content in the water should be less than 3 ppm. Hitherto it has proved impossible to get below this limit for the amount of oil which can be tolerated in drinking water.
The present invention has been successful in producing a filter which is able to reduce the oil cotent in drinking water to less than the acceptable value of 3 ppm. According to the invention it is possible to reach an oil content of 2.4 ppm. This reduction of the oil content is achieved by using a filter comprising units made of foam rubber and foam plastic having closed cells which have been perforated.
The units may be enclosed in casings to form cushions. The cushions shall be such that liquid, of both high and low viscosity, can easily pass through. The casings are preferably made of a fabric which is netlike in character.
Said cushions are preferably enclosed in a container through which water containing oil may pass.
According to the invention the flow rate of the liquid through the filter is regulated so that the filter achieves maximum absorption of oil. It has been found that the oil-polluted water should be in contact with the filter for a period not less than 6-8 minutes.
The filter according to the invention may be installed in a tanker and used when drinking water from the ship's tanks is pumped over to reservoirs on land. Drinking water is thus supplied which is acceptable and has an oil content of less than 3 ppm. Another possibility is to arrange the filter on land, in which case the water from the ship's tanks is pumped over into reservoirs and then allowed to pass the filter according to the invention when it is to be supplied to a consumer.
The units of foam plastic are generally made of polyethylene, polypropylene or a copolymer of polyethylene and metacrylic acid.
The units are preferably packed in cushions having outer dimensions 3.times.4 cm and a maximum height of 1.5 cm. Such a cushion can absorb approximately 6 times its own weight in oil.
If the cushions are placed in a container they themselves take up only 20% of the volume of the container. Polluted water can therefore easily flow through the container.
Although the invention is a solution to the problem of transporting drinking water in oil tankers, it is evident that a filter according to the present invention can also be used for other low-viscosity liquids containing high-viscosity liquids, when the high-viscosity liquid is to be separated out from the low-viscosity liquid.
Another field of application is the separation of creosote oil from water. A residual product consisting of water and creosote oil is obtained when impregnating timber with creosote oil.
Further characteristics of the present invention are revealed in the following claims.
The present invention will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying five drawings, in which
FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through a container containing the filter according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 shows the container seen from above,
FIG. 3 shows the oil content in water which has passed through the oil filter according to the present invention in relation to the contact time,
FIG. 4 shows a container with a compression means,
FIG. 5 shows a conta
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patent: 3236768 (1966-02-01), Litt
patent: 3293174 (1966-12-01), Robjohns
patent: 3617551 (1971-11-01), Johnston
patent: 4183984 (1980-01-01), Browers et al.
patent: 4274960 (1981-06-01), Abrahamsson
patent: 4302337 (1981-11-01), Larson et al.
patent: 4356090 (1982-10-01), Tran
Adee John
Swed Sorb Corporation AB
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