Gas separation – With nonliquid cleaning means for separating media – Solid agent cleaning member movingly contacts apparatus
Patent
1989-04-24
1990-07-03
Hart, Charles
Gas separation
With nonliquid cleaning means for separating media
Solid agent cleaning member movingly contacts apparatus
552573, 55 94, B01D 4712
Patent
active
049387871
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a filter device for filtering noxious, dust and other foreign particles out of a gaseous fluid, comprising a substrate and a filter layer disposed on the substrate, and also a filter apparatus comprising such filter devices.
In closed spaces, people in such spaces frequently suffer from irritation and annoyance by virtue of the fact that noxious, dust and other foreign particles are introduced into such spaces through the air inlet arrangement. That applies for example in regard to rooms and areas in department stores, hotels, offices and the like. The admission of air to such rooms is for example by way of ventilation shafts which may be provided with a filter device in the form of mats or meshes for filtering out noxious, dust and other foreign particles. Corresponding filter devices are also used for motor vehicles in order to keep the passenger compartment more or less free of noxious particles or dust particles.
In the known filter devices the flow resistance through the filter device is inversely proportionally dependent on the porosity of the substrate. That means that a large mean mesh or pore diameter in the substrate provides a low flow resistance and vice-versa. If very small particles are to be filtered out by means of such a filter device, it is then necessary for the mean mesh or pore size to be correspondingly small. That however gives rise to a relatively high flow resistance through the filter device. A further disadvantage of such filter devices is that they can become clogged, by the deposit of the filtered-out particles, after just a relatively short period of use, so that they become useless.
The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a filter device and a filter apparatus comprising such filter devices, with which noxious, dust or other foreign particles can be retained and thus filtered out of a gaseous fluid flowing through the filter device or the filter apparatus, by a physical procedure, that is to say by virtue of adhesion forces at the at least one filter device, wherein the flow resistance through the filter device or apparatus remains comparatively low and the physical filter action is maintained even after a relatively long period of operation of the filter device or apparatus.
According to the invention that object is attained in that the filter layer is a filter liquid which wets the substrate. Because the filter liquid wets the surface of the substrate, it is possible for the gaseous fluid to flow past the surface of the substrate which is wetted with the filter liquid, with a low level of flow resistance, and at the same time for the noxious, dust or other foreign particles entrained with the gaseous fluid to remain clinging to the filter liquid by virtue of the adhesion forces which are operative between the particles and the filter liquid. That provides a filter device with a comparatively low level of flow resistance and a relatively good filter action. A further considerable advantage of the filter device according to the invention is that the danger of clogging of the substrate as a result of the deposit of the noxious, dust or other foreign particles is extremely low and the period of use of the filter device according to the invention is relatively long. Therefore the filter device of the invention is suitable not only for rooms in hotels, department stores and the like but in particular it is also suitable for use in land, air or water-borne vehicles.
In the filter device according to the invention the filter layer comprises glycerine and/or glycol as an essential component. Glycerine is a trivalent alcohol which under normal conditions occurs as a colourless syrupy liquid with a boiling point of 290.degree. C. The melting point of glycerine is 18.degree. C. Under normal conditions glycerine oxidizes only very slowly, wherein both the primary and the secondary hydroxyl groups are attacked, with the formation of glycerine aldehyde. Glycerine is generally unreactive under normal conditions and is advantageously tota
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patent: 3782074 (1974-01-01), Gardenier
patent: 3812657 (1974-05-01), Lampinen
patent: 3907523 (1975-09-01), Melin
patent: 4049399 (1977-09-01), Teller
patent: 4615173 (1986-10-01), Usui et al.
Gilfillan, II John G.
Hart Charles
Lillie Raymond J.
Olstein Elliot M.
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