Tobacco – Smoke separator or treater – By chemical reaction – e.g. – ion-exchange – chelating,...
Patent
1998-05-04
2000-11-14
Silverman, Stanley S.
Tobacco
Smoke separator or treater
By chemical reaction, e.g., ion-exchange, chelating,...
131331, 131332, 131343, 131345, A24D 304, A24D 308, A24D 314
Patent
active
061455113
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a filter cigarette, whose filter contains an additive with an antimutagenic action on the cigarette smoke.
Antimutagenic substances are known from food technology. In the latter numerous mutagens occurring in foods, as well as their deposition mechanisms have been investigated and described (cf. inter alia P. Grasso, C.O.'Hare, Chemical Carcinogens ACS Monograph (Ch.E. Searle ed.), American Chemical Society, Washington, 1976, pp 700-728). The most active mutagens in foods are nowadays considered to be certain pyrolysis products of proteins, such as the compounds Tr-P1, Tr-P2, Glu-P1, Glu-P2 and also IQ (cf. inter alia K. Wakabayashi, M. Nagao, H. Esumi, T. Sugimura; Cancer Research, 52, 1992, pp 2092-2098). In mutagenicity tests, such as the Ames test well known to the experts (Ames et al, Methods vor Detecting Carcinogens and Mutagens with the Salmonella/Mammalian-Microsome Mutagenicity Test., Mutat. Res. 31, pp 347-364 and C. Smith et al.; Mutation Research 279, 1992, pp 61-73), these mutagens reveal an extremely high mutagenic potential. In living organisms such compounds can be clearly highly efficiently bound in the aqueous phase to constituents of usually plant or vegetable foods and are consequently effectively removed from the metabolism as water-insoluble complex compounds. As such antimutagenically acting substances are inter alia described chlorophyllin, hemin and derivatives related thereto (cf. i.a. R. Dashwood, D. Gno; Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 22, 193, pp 166-171, S. Arimoto, H. Hayatsu; Mutation Research, 213, 1989, pp 217-226, and Kato et al, Mutation Research, 246, 1991, pp 169-178).
The mutagenic action of cigarette smoke, determined by the Ames test, is generally known to experts. However, what is unclear and disputed is to what substance group the mutagenic action of cigarette smoke can be effectively attributed. Thus, reference has been made in this connection to polycyclic, aromatic hydrocarbons and various nitrosamines (cf. i.a. E. L. Wynder and D. Hoffmann; "Smoking and Lung Cancer: Challenges and Opportunities", Cancer Research 54, p 5284 (1994), although certain working groups have been clearly able to show that, with regards to the action in the Ames test, their mutagenic potential in cigarette smoke can be ignored, because the concentrations in which such substances occur in the smoke of commercially available cigarettes are much too low to explain the effects described in standard mutagenicity tests. Although still under discussion among the experts, there is increasing evidence that the activity of smoke condensates in the Ames test (TA 98 and TA 100) can mainly be attributed to the formation of polycyclic, aromatic amines when burning tobacco (cf. inter alia R. S. Lake et al: "Fresh whole smoke mutagenicity assay with YG salmonella strains", paper read at the 48 Tobacco Chemists' Research Conference, Sep. 25-28, 1994, and M. Mitsuko et al. Jpn. J. Cancer, Res., 77, 1986, pp 419-422).
A large number of publications propose the use of the most varied additives for the specific reduction of certain smoke ingredients. German patent 1 300 854 describes the use of acidic carboxy alkyl ester as crosslinking and strengthening agents. On the disclosure of this patent are based numerous other publications concerning the use of organic acids as a filter additive, in order to specifically increase nicotine retention. The special feature of this idea is that the additive simultaneously acts as a plasticizer and consequently industrial production of the filter is readily possible. However, German patent 1 300 854 provides no information as to how mutagenic substances could be removed from cigarette smoke. The same applies with regards to the teaching of DE-OS 43 20 348, which also relates to the use of organic acids as a filter additive.
The effectiveness of the filter additives described in German patent 1 300 854 in a filter tow were established on such a filter tow with a filament titre of more than 3 dtex. However, no details are provided in eit
REFERENCES:
patent: 4620554 (1986-11-01), Horimoto
patent: 5275859 (1994-01-01), Phillips et al.
patent: 5465739 (1995-11-01), Perfetti et al.
patent: 5746231 (1998-05-01), Lesser et al.
Sexauer Wolfgang
Teufel Eberhard
Willmund Rolf
Colaianni Michael P.
Rhodia Acetow AG
Silverman Stanley S.
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