Hydraulic and earth engineering – Drainage or irrigation – Porous or apertured pipe – flume – or tileway
Patent
1990-12-04
1992-11-17
Taylor, Dennis L.
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Drainage or irrigation
Porous or apertured pipe, flume, or tileway
405 36, 405 45, E02B 1100
Patent
active
051637812
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This invention is particularly useful in connection with playing fields of the type described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 522,255, filed May 11, 1990 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,120,158, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a field construction for a sports or other field, which includes a substrate or other surface layer, and beneath this, a filter layer which is equipped with perforated multi-purpose pipes to dry the field and to lead air through it.
BACKGROUND ART
In field-drains in the grass-covered areas of sports facilities, the distance between the drains varies from 8-10 meters. Uneven drying can be observed at present on many fields. At 2-4 meters from the line of the drain the field is considerably drier than in the areas between the drains.
Fields equipped with various kinds of piping are presented in the German application and Patent Publications DE-P-924931, DE-2059383, DE-H-27 38 133, and DE-H-2840389. By means of a network of pipes beneath the surface of the field it is both warmed, and dried by draining excess water into field-drain soakaways. The warming of the field takes place by blowing warmed air into the pipe network, from which it travels upwards to the surface of the field. The problem with the above-mentioned field constructions is firstly the unevenness of the blowing if the network of pipes is not very dense. Secondly, the back and forwards flow causes fine material substances to enter the known field pipes.
The use of electrical resistances or heating pipes in the surface of a sports field is also known, these both warming and drying the surface of the field. The distance between the resistances or pipes has been only about 20 cm, which has led to an enormous total length of resistance cables and heating pipes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to achieve a new field structure, which makes possible efficient use of a pipe network for both drying and heating and by means of which this is possible using a greater space between pipes than previously.
In carrying out the above object and other objects of the invention, the field construction includes a substrate or other surface layer and a filter layer having a pipe network located therein beneath the surface layer. In accordance with the invention, the pipe network is placed in the filter layer in which the proportion of fine mineral substances is small, so that the flow of heating air within this layer in a horizontal direction is also possible. The pipe network does not then have to be unreasonably dense.
In the preferred embodiment, the surface layer comprises a layer of fine material of which at least 15% of the mass has a granular size of less than 0.06 mm. The substrate is adapted in each individual case to have poor air permeability. Depending on the type of soil the proportion of fine mineral substances may vary greatly.
In what follows the invention is illustrated by means of examples with reference to the accompanying figures, which shows one form of the application of the invention in connection with a turf field of about 8000 m.sup.2 intended for ordinary sports use.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a sports field illustrating the location of a pipe network in the field;
FIG. 2 is a sectional elevational view of a part of the sports field illustrating the field construction;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a portion of a multi-purpose pipe illustrating its construction; and
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a sports field illustrating an alternative pipe network embodiment.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a pipe network 2,3 is located beneath the surface 5 of the ground that defines a sports field. Main pipes 1 are located at the side of the field and are connected to extension pipes 2 that extend to the center of the field. The multi-purpose pipes 3, which are connected to pipe 2 act as field drains providing a
REFERENCES:
patent: 632388 (1899-09-01), Whitehead
patent: 1967803 (1934-07-01), Boland
patent: 3908385 (1975-09-01), Daniel et al.
patent: 4268993 (1981-05-01), Cunningham
patent: 4462184 (1984-07-01), Cunningham
patent: 4620398 (1986-11-01), Wallin
patent: 4881846 (1989-11-01), Burkstaller
patent: 4913596 (1990-04-01), Lambert
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