Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Patent
1994-11-16
1995-11-14
Seidleck, James J.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
524 35, 524 42, 525 55, 525 56, 525187, C08J 502
Patent
active
054667313
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to fibre and film of water absorbent water-insoluble material. Water-absorbent water-insoluble materials are of use in many absorbent products, particularly products for absorbing aqueous body fluids such as baby diapers, incontinence pads, sanitary napkins and tampons, and in wiping materials for mopping up spills of aqueous fluids. Most water-absorbent water-insoluble materials are available only in powder form. There are problems in retaining an absorbent powder in the desired position in the absorbent product, for example in diapers. Fibre, whether staple fibre or continuous filaments, can be more effectively retained in position by incorporation in a fabric, and fibre or film can also be effectively retained in position in other products.
BACKGROUND ART
EP-A-268498 describes a water-absorbent water-insoluble polymeric fibre, film, coating, bonding layer or foam, made by forming a substantially linear polymer of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer blends comprising carboxylic and hydroxylic monomers and then reacting the carboxylic and hydroxylic monomers in the linear polymer to form internal crosslinks within the polymer.
EP-A-269393 describes a water-absorbent water-insoluble crosslinked polymer fibre or film made by dry extrusion of a solution of a substantially linear polymer formed from a water-soluble blend of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising a plasticising monomer and evaporation of the solvent. The fibre or film is further plasticised, stretched and then crosslinked.
EP-A-342919 describes film or fibre made by extrusion and stretching from a polymer of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers that include ionic monomer. A counterionic lubricant compound is absorbed into the surface of the fibre or film before or during the stretching.
EP-A-397410 describes a water-soluble linear polymer of carboxylic acid monomers such as acrylic acid and a hydroxylic monomer which can be crosslinked, after being shaped by extrusion of an aqueous solution of the polymer as fibres or film, to form crosslinks between the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups.
GB-A-2082614 describes a dry, solid, water-swellable absorbent comprising a blend of a water-insoluble absorbent polymer, which may be a covalently crosslinked or ionically complexed anionic polyelectrolyte, and an extender material selected from the group consisting of uncrosslinked derivatives, starch, montmorillonite clay, attapulgite clay, seracite, talc, kaolin, silica and mixtures thereof. It states that the blend may be used as a film, aerated film, powder or fibre, but there is no disclosure as to how a blend of water-insoluble polymer and extender can be made into a fibre.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
According to the present invention fibre or film of a water-absorbent water-insoluble material has a matrix of a crosslinked copolymer formed from 50 to 95% by weight ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic monomer and 5 to 50% by weight copolymerlsable ethylenically unsaturated monomer, the matrix containing regions of a dispersed polymeric material, the matrix copolymer and the dispersed polymeric material being mutually immiscible and chemically substantially non-reactive under ambient conditions.
The polymeric material of the dispersed phase may be water-soluble. The polymeric material of the dispersed phase may be self-crosslinkable and, optionally, crosslinkable with the matrix material.
The fibre or film may be formed by extruding a solution or dispersion of the polymeric material in a solution of the matrix copolymer in its non-crosslinked state into a gaseous environment wherein solvent is removed to form the fibre or film, and subsequently crosslinking the matrix copolymer and optionally the dispersed polymeric material.
The fibre or film may be stretched subsequent to formation, preferably before the crosslinking system is activated.
Although the crosslinking system can be a system that is activated by irradiation, for instance ultraviolet light, preferably it is a thermally
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Akers Paul J.
Brunskill William
Courtaulds Fibres (Holdings) Limited
Mosley Terressa M.
Seidleck James J.
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