Fiber production process

Details Fiber production process Fiber production process

1995-11-07

1997-11-25

Tentoni, Leo B.

Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes

With printing or coating of workpiece

106 1814, 1062003, 264143, 264203, 26421114, 427343, 4273722, 4274346, D01F 200, D01F 1102, D06M 13285

Patent

active

056908741

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to methods of producing fibre and has particular reference to methods of producing fibre having inherent flame retardancy properties.
2. Description of the Related Art
As used herein, the term "lyocell" is defined in accordance with the definition agreed by the Bureau International pour la Standardisation de la Rayonne et de Fibres Synthetique (BISFA) namely:
"A cellulose fibre obtained by an organic solvent spinning process; it being understood that: and water; and of a derivative".
As used herein, by a "flame retardancy chemical" is meant one which retards the burning of a product to which it is applied.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a method of producing a flame retardant lyocell fibre which comprises the steps of: gap to form a plurality of strands, water-containing spin bath, filaments of cellulose, flame retardant chemical, and filamentary material having inherent flame retardancy.
The present invention further provides a method of forming a flame retardant cellulose fibre comprising the steps of producing lyocell fibre and incorporating a flame retardant chemical into the fibre whilst the fibre is in the never-dried condition (i.e. prior to first drying).
The flame retardant chemical may be a phosphorous based chemical and may be a quaternary phosphonium compound. The flame retardant chemical may be tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salt.
The flame retardant chemical may be fixed by a curing process utilising the action of ammonia or heat. The flame retardant chemical is preferably applied to never-dried lyocell fibre in tow form. The tow may be cut into staple fibre prior to drying for the first time or after drying.
The tow having the flame retardant chemical or chemicals fixed thereon may be dried as tow, crimped and cut to form staple fibre. The tow may be provided with a finish, a chemical compound added to the tow to enhance or ease the processing of fibre during subsequent operations. The fixing of the flame retardant chemical to the cellulose may be carried out during the drying of the cellulose, or may be carried out as a separate step prior to the drying of the cellulose. Alternatively, the cellulose may be dried and then passed through a fixing process finally to fix the flame retardant chemical to the cellulose.


BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

By way of example the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows schematically an application route for the application of flame retardant (FR) PROBAN precondensate chemicals to fibre.
FIG. 2 shows schematically an application route for the application of FR PYROVATEX chemicals to fibre.


DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The production of lyocell fibre is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,416,698, the contents of which are incorporated herein by way of reference. Lyocell fibre may be produced by any known manner. The invention is solely concerned with the production of a flame retardant lyocell fibre.


DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In a preferred process for the production of lyocell fibre, a solution of cellulose in an organic solvent, typically N-methyl morpholine N-oxide is formed by heating N-methyl morpholine N-oxide, water and cellulose to evaporate the water so as to form the solution. The solution may contain a suitable stabiliser. The solution is commonly referred to as a spinning dope. This dope is then forced through a spinnerette jet to pass in filamentary form as strands through an air gap into a spin bath. The spin bath contains water and leaches the solvent from the strands. During the leaching process the cellulose component of the solution re-forms to produce the cellulosic filamentary material. The filamentary material is in the form of a bundle of filaments, commonly referred to as a tow. The tow comprises essentially a plurality of parallel filaments, the number of filaments in the tow being equal to the number of strands produced by the spinn

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