Electric heating – Metal heating – For bonding with pressure
Patent
1976-11-22
1978-09-26
Goldberg, E. A.
Electric heating
Metal heating
For bonding with pressure
219136, B23K 932
Patent
active
041172973
ABSTRACT:
A ferrule for use in end welding a stud to a workpiece and a method of welding with the ferrule are set forth. In end welding a stud to a workpiece, the stud is first placed with an end against the workpiece and is then retracted as a low current pilot arc is formed between the stud and the workpiece. A main high current weld arc is then superimposed between the stud and the workpiece. This arc causes portions of the stud and the workpiece to be molten and the stud is then plunged forward to engage the workpiece. The molten portions join and solidify to securely weld the stud to the workpiece when they return to full contact. Some of the molten metal tends to flow outwardly as the stud strikes the workpiece to establish a fillet between the stud and the workpiece. This fillet under normal conditions is substantially uniformly formed with the aid of a ferrule located around the end of the stud to help control the flow of molten metal and to reduce splatter of the metal. Under some welding applications, the flow of molten metal is not uniform around the stud but may be excessive on one side and on the opposite side, there may be a cavity or washout where the fillet would otherwise be, between the welded stud and the workpiece. The invention provides a ferrule which has vents on one side and is solid on the opposite side. The ferrule is placed so that the solid side is located where the molten metal tends to flow the heaviest. This tends to block the excess flow to prevent molten metal loss and to achieve a more uniform fillet around the stud.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2788435 (1957-04-01), Maras
patent: 3182173 (1965-05-01), Dash
patent: 3210517 (1965-10-01), Van Den Blink et al.
patent: 3291438 (1966-12-01), Logan
patent: 3408472 (1968-10-01), Spisak
Goldberg E. A.
Gutchess, Jr. Allen D.
TRW Inc.
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