Optical: systems and elements – Holographic system or element – Using a hologram as an optical element
Patent
1989-11-03
1992-05-05
Stoll, Robert L.
Optical: systems and elements
Holographic system or element
Using a hologram as an optical element
359 78, 2522994, G02F 113, C09K 1956
Patent
active
051113180
ABSTRACT:
A ferroelectric liquid crystal element comprising a pair of substrates each having a transparent electrode and an orientation controlling film formed on the electrode, and ferroelectric liquid crystal sandwiched between the substrates in contact with the film, wherein said orientation controlling film is an organic polymer film treated by rubbing treatment and capable of giving nematic liquid crystal a pretilt angle of at least 10.degree. to the substrate surface.
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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics/Part 1: Regular Papers & Short Notes, vol. 27, No. 5, May 1988, pp. 827-829, Tokyo, JP; S. Kuniyasu et al.: "The Strength of Rubbing Worked on Polyimide Films for Aligning Nematic and Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystals: Controlling Pretilt Angles and Some Electroptic Performances of LCDs".
1985 SID International Symposium, Digest of Technical Papers, May 1985, edition 1, pp. 373-376, SID, New York, U.S.; T. Umeda et al.: "Print Head With Ferroelectric Liquid-Crystal Light-Shutter Array".
Fukuro, H. & Kobayashi, S., Molecular Crystals & Liquid Crystals, vol. 163, (1988), pp. 157-162.
Filas, R. & Patel, J., Applied Physics Letters, vol. 50, No. 20, (1987), pp. 1426-1428.
Abe Toyohiko
Fukuro Hiroyoshi
Kohtoh Noriaki
Nissan Chemical Industries Ltd.
Stoll Robert L.
Tucker Philip
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