Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Product with added plural inorganic mineral or element...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-05-11
2001-05-01
Sayala, Chhaya D. (Department: 1761)
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Product with added plural inorganic mineral or element...
C426S392000, C426S805000, C426S807000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06224917
ABSTRACT:
The present invention is a feed supplement intended to support the skeletal metabolism in growing animals.
The skeletal formation in growing animals has conventionally been supported by feed supplements. Different nutritional additives, such as minerals and vitamins, have been given. The results have varied. Now that industrially produced food is used, the animals grow even faster. The requirements for nutritional additives have grown. One has sought to solve the problem by supporting only the mineral metabolism.
Therefore it has been surprising to find a feed supplement composition whose support activity seems to affect the collagen synthesis in bone. The feed supplement is preferably in the form of powder. The results obtained in supporting the bone formation in growing animals have been decisively better than the earlier results. Conventional additives supporting the mineral metabolism can be added to the feed supplement powder of the invention. The feed supplement can be developed, within the above limits, so that the doses suit the species and age of the animal, the growth frame determined by the age, and the quality and quantity of the other food given. Each animal species has its own rate of growth, and the correct dose of the feed supplement is determined according to the species and the individual need. For example, a fast growing rate and the body weight of an adult animal can be the key factors when the need of the feed supplement is determined. A smaller species may grow more slowly and reach adulthood earlier, which means that a smaller amount of the feed supplement is needed for a shorter period of time. The animal's conditions of growth must also be taken into account, since the bone metabolism is known to be dependent on the amount of sunlight that the animal receives (e.g. vitamin D) and on the amount of sunlight that the plant consumed as feed has received. In arctic regions the requirements for feed supplements may be different from what they are elsewhere.
Complete foods contain large amounts of protein and ingredients, from which the animal also obtains a lot of phosphorus. The large amount of amino acid drives the chondrocytes to work. The feed contains a small amount of calcium and, because of their ingredients, a large amount of phosphorus. The result is an imbalance of phosphorus and calcium during the period of fast growth. The bone metabolism must then be supported if the feed fails to do so or if it even causes relative deficiencies. During the period of fast growth the metabolism of the soft bone matrix must also be heavily supported. Surprisingly, the feed supplement of the invention supporting the skeletal metabolism in growing animals supports the bones in such a way that the results are most significant.
Clinical experiments have shown that animals tolerate well the compositions prepared according to the present invention and find them extremely palatable. Also, calcium is absorbed well when the composition of the invention is used. Further, the composition has a beneficial effect on the absorption and utilization in the bones. Any adverse effect on hormonal balance, such as the PTH and the somatotropin and calcitonin metabolism, is avoided by the use of this feed supplement composition. Compositions prepared in accordance with the present invention can be used to support the skeletal metabolism by supplying high amounts of calcium to satisfy the calcium need of a gestating or lactating mammal or a growing animal, because the feed supplement prepared in accordance with the invention can be used together with all industrially produced ingredients. The composition of the feed supplement powder according to the invention is also such that xylitol and vitamin C, which are contained therein, support each other synergistically. The synergy of these ingredients yields surprising results in preventing the deficiencies caused by efficient feeding. These ingredients are part of the natural metabolism of the body and are not harmful to the metabolism even when used in such concentrations as in the present invention.
The present invention is a feed supplement composition intended to support the skeletal metabolism in growing animals, the composition being characterized in that it contains a calcium source, xylitol and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the weight ratio (1-8):(1-8):(1-5), and that no phosphorus has been added. The calcium source is, for example, calcium carbonate. In the mixture, xylitol has a beneficial effect on the formation of the soft bone matrix and enhances the utilization of calcium.
The feed supplement powder is prepared by mixing the calcium source, for example calcium carbonate, with xylitol and ascorbic acid. It is preferable to use the grade of ascorbic acid that is used in animal feed (Acid. ascorbic 98% DC respond) and calcium carbonate (natural chalk) as the technical grade that can be used in animal feed (Calc. carb. techn. Queensfil 240). A simple example is a dose of 1 kg. For example, 600 g of calcium carbonate and 300 g of xylitol and 100 g of ascorbic acid in powder form are mixed with one another in a pharmaceutically acceptable manner to produce animal feed. As the quantities of the ingredients vary according to the need within the above limits, minerals and vitamins conventionally used in veterinary medicine, flavouring agent and filling agents can also be used in the mixture in a pharmaceutically acceptable manner.
In the following examples, the suggested doses are stated in grams or milligrams per kg of the body weight of a growing animal. For example, a puppy weighing 15 kg is given the powder of the above example in the amount of 0.3 to 1 g per kg of its body weight per day. The puppy is given the powder in addition to food from immediately after the weaning until the requirements of its skeletal metabolism have been met. Preferably, the powder can also be given safely to a gestating bitch 30 to 20 days before the delivery. The preferred dose is then 1 g of the powder of the example per kg of its body weight. In other words, if the bitch weighs 40 kg 20 days before the estimated delivery, it is given 40 g of powder per day. The bitch will be given the powder after the delivery without interruption at least up to the weaning, for the entire period of lactation. Where chickens are concerned, the suitable dose of powder would be, for example, about 1 to 20 g/kg of feed, considering their fast growing rate. Chickens consume about three kg of feed in their 36-day life.
When clinical experiments were performed in the above manner, i.e. by giving a gestating bitch a preferred feed supplement powder according to the invention, the puppies were born in excellent condition. The coat was shiny and the skeletal structure was strong and balanced in all the puppies. In fact, the skeletal structure and the puppies were remarkably well-built and strong. The birth weight of the puppies was optimal. After the birth, the puppies developed in a surprisingly balanced and stable manner.
An essential feature in the inventiveness of the composition of the feed supplement powder is that the ingredients are supplied simultaneously and that they thus support each other synergistically in the biological process of bone formation.
A feed supplement with a composition according to the invention is prepared/used to support the skeletal metabolism in growing animals in a preventive manner/to treat deficiencies/disorders that lead to conditions generally known as skeletal dysplasias. The feed supplement powder can be given to all growing animals that are relevant in this connection, for example fishes, fowls and mammals. Preferably, the feed supplement powder with the composition according to the invention is given, for example, to dogs. Another preferred field of use of the feed supplement according to the invention is in the breeding of broilers. In addition to the above examples, the use of the powder in the prevention of skeletal conditions known as dysplasias can be developed further.
In growing domestic animals, skeletal dysplasias occur
Burns Doane Swecker & Mathis L.L.P.
Dominion Veterinary Laboratories
Sayala Chhaya D.
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