Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Treatment of live animal
Reexamination Certificate
1999-11-12
2001-06-26
Sayala, Chhaya D. (Department: 1761)
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Treatment of live animal
C426S630000, C426S635000, C426S807000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06251442
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a feed composition and a feeding method for broilers, precisely, to a feed composition for broilers which is effective in raising broilers both for improving the growth rate and for lowering the death rate, and also to a feeding method for broilers where is used the composition to attain high productivity.
BACKGROUND ART
In the broiler industry for raising poultry, precisely chickens, and especially broilers, improvements and developments have been made essentially in the breeding technique for phyletic lines of broilers and in the rearing technique for increasing the growth rate of broilers. Above all, much emphasis is put on the growth rate and the feed conversion rate in the method of rearing broilers, and high-calorie feed and pellet-like feed have become used for rearing broilers. Use of such feed has made it possible to increase the growth rate and the feeding efficiency, but on the other hand, has brought about some problems. Specifically, too much increase in the growth rate of broilers during the rearing period could not be followed by sufficient body metabolic functions such as the cardiac function, etc., and the imbalance therebetween has increased the death rate, thereby lowering the raising rate and the productivity to cause great economic damage to the broiler industry.
One essential cause of death of broilers from the imbalance between the growth rate and the development of cardiac functions is ascites. Broilers having been fed with high-calorie feed could grow rapidly, but it is known that, in those, the incidence of ascites is high. In addition, depending on the raising condition, many broilers often have ascites in winter or at highlands, or in raising with high stocking density of chicks.
To lower the incidence of ascites in broilers, a raising method may be taken for well controlling the growth rate to thereby make the development of the cardiac function and the growth rate balanced, which, however, is not favorable from the economic viewpoint.
Some techniques of using coenzyme Q have been developed for the means of preventing broiler ascites while keeping a high growth rate of broilers in some degree, two of which mentioned below are known.
I. Quinones containing coenzyme Q are administered to broilers to prevent them from having ascites, thereby increasing the raising rate (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (JP-A) Hei-6-287136).
II. Feed containing coenzymes Q
9
and Q
10
is used to prevent ascites and sudden death syndrome (JP-A Hei-7-123928)
They say that, in the proposed techniques, coenzymes Q
9
and Q
10
are effective for preventing ascites, but no sufficient discussions have been made for further increasing the growth rate of broilers according to those techniques.
In other words, no attempt has heretofore been made at using coenzyme Q for preventing ascites of broilers while keeping a suitable raising rate so as to improve the growth rate, for example, by fully analyzing the growing process of broilers to thereby design a suitable feed composition and a suitable feeding method that indicate the combination of feed and coenzyme Q to be fed to broilers with respect to the degree of metabolizable energy to be derived from the feed and to the stage at which the coenzyme Q-containing feed shall be applied to broilers during the rearing period.
The present invention has been made from the viewpoint noted above, and its object is to provide a feed composition for broilers with which broilers being fed can be fully prevented from having ascites and can grow rapidly, and which therefore makes it possible to increase the growth rate of broilers and to shorten the growing period thereof, and also to provide a feeding method for broilers where is used the composition to attain high productivity.
The term “raising rate” as referred to herein indicates the ratio of the number of the living broilers counted at the end of the rearing period to the number of all broilers in the initial stage (=number of all broilers in the initial stage−number of broilers died during the rearing period).
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
We, the present inventors have assiduously studied so as to solve the problems noted above, and, as a result, have found that when broilers are fed with a feed composition as prepared by adding coenzyme Q to feed, of which the metabolizable energy value is not smaller than a specific value, followed by pelletizing it into pellets, then it is possible to well prevent the broilers from having ascites, thereby increasing the raising rate of the broilers and increasing the growth rate thereof to shorten the period for rearing the broilers, and that when the feed composition is fed to broilers for a period of predetermined days or longer during the former stage of the rearing period, then the productivity of broilers is more effectively increased. On the basis of these findings, we have completed the present invention.
Specifically, the invention is a feed composition for broilers, which has a metabolizable energy value of not smaller than 3150 kcal/kg and contains coenzyme Q and which has been pelletized into pellets.
The metabolizable energy as referred to herein is obtained by subtracting the amount of energy as discharged in feces and urine (waste calorie) from the amount of total energy of the intake feed (total calorie), and ordinary calorimetry may be applied to each feed composition to actually obtain the metabolizable energy of the composition. In general, the metabolizable energy value of feed for chickens is obtained on the basis of known tables of calorie components for it, and such known tables may be employed herein to obtain the metabolizable energy in question.
The coenzyme Q content of the feed composition for broilers of the invention may be concretely from 0.0005 to 0.003% by weight or so of the total amount of the composition.
The invention further provides a feeding method for broilers, comprising feeding the feed composition of the invention noted above to broilers for 7 days or longer while the broilers being fed therewith are of 10 to 35-days age.
BEST MODES OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Now, the invention is described in detail hereinunder. First mentioned is the feed composition for broilers of the invention.
(1) Feed Composition for Broilers of the Invention:
The feed composition for broilers of the invention is characterized by having a metabolizable energy value of not smaller than 3150 kcal/kg and containing coenzyme Q and by having been pelletized into pellets.
The coenzyme Q to be used in the feed composition for broilers of the invention is not specifically defined, and may be any and every compound to be in the group of coenzyme Q. Concretely, it includes, for example, coenzyme Q
6
, coenzyme Q
7
, coenzyme Q
8
, coenzyme Q
9
, coenzyme Q
10
, and also reduced (quinol-type) coenzyme Q of these. Of the coenzyme Q of those types, coenzyme Q
9
and coenzyme Q
10
are preferably used in the invention.
It is known that coenzyme Q of the types noted above exists in many animals and vegetables. As its sources, for example, known are mold fungi such as Mucor and Mortierella; yeast such as Candida and Saccharomyces; bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, and Rhodopseudomonas; leaves of tobacco; germs of corn and wheat, etc. Coenzyme Q can be obtained from those sources through ordinary extraction and purification. To prepare the feed composition for broilers of the invention that contains such coenzyme Q, a pure (or purified) product of coenzyme Q as obtained in the manner mentioned above may be added to feed, or alternatively, the extract or crude product as obtained from any of those sources, or even the source itself, if having a sufficiently high coenzyme Q content, may be added to feed.
Commercial products of coenzyme Q as produced through chemical synthesis are available, and any of those are employable in the invention. Also employable herein are compositions comprising coenzyme Q and any other chemicals, diluents, carriers, vehicles, etc.
Concretely, th
Aoyama Tomoya
Sugimoto Yasuaki
Idemitsu Petrochemical Co. Ltd.
Oblon & Spivak, McClelland, Maier & Neustadt P.C.
Sayala Chhaya D.
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