Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Specially adapted for ruminant animal
Patent
1994-11-30
1996-10-01
Phelan, D. Gabrielle
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Specially adapted for ruminant animal
424484, 424489, 424490, 426807, A23K 118
Patent
active
055609198
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a technology to include a rumen by-pass formulation of a feed additive for ruminants in a feed pellet. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pelletization-resistant rumen by-pass formulation of a feed additive which can be pelletized without losing its rumen by-pass property by coating the rumen bypass formulation molded from biologically active principles and protective matrices with pelletization-resistant protective matrices such as natural macromolecules and synthetic macromolecules as a reinforcement measure to resist to a mechanical stress imposed during pelletization process and to humidification and heating at steaming, etc., and feed pellets for ruminants comprising said pelletization-resistant rumen bypass formulation containing the feed additive as the component.
BACKGROUND ART
In breeding of ruminants, simultaneous feeding of the rumen bypass formulation with fodders has been spreading among livestock farmers because such method is dietetically and clinically advantageous. However, there is a problem that livestock do not like the taste of rumen bypass formulation, and that a work to individually weigh and feed the rumen bypass formulation is quite troublesome for the livestock farmers. On the other hand, the use of feed pellets have also been spread among the livestock farmers since it can reduce labors required for feeding operation and a give a chance to automate the operation.
Therefore, it is expected that a feed pellet comprising the rumen bypass formulation as its component can be an useful feed for livestock, as it can utilize both advantages of the rumen bypass formulation and the feed pellet and may solve the problems described above.
The rumen bypass formulation for ruminants described above comprises one or more of various amino acids, various vitamins and other biologically active principles, and which has a function to restrict the elution and the microbiological degradation of the biologically active principles in a rumen (first ruminant stomach) of ruminants while to allow the elution and absorption of the biologically active principles in digestive organs after fourth ruminant stomach. The concept and many practical examples of the rumen bypass formulation have already been known to the public.
However, the rumen bypass formulation in the past appear to have been composed without considering the pelletization thereof. Such rumen bypass formulations, either in a form protectively coating the particles of biologically active principles or in a form wherein biologically active principles are dispersed in oils and fats, are destroyed due to a mechanical stress, humidification and heating which are imposed during the pelletization process to the extent that the original shape thereof cannot be distinguished.
As several examples are shown in the comparative examples in the present specification later, the inventors of the present invention attempted to formulate these known rumen bypass formulations, then tried the pelletization of the rumen bypass formulation combined with feedstuffs to have a feed pellet. However, in every cases, the rumen bypass formulation therein were destroyed, so that the rumen bypass effect of the pellets was lost or extremely ceased, which made the formulation practically useless.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,068,108, the concept of providing the resistance to pelletization, which is to mechanically reinforce the rumen bypass formulation by combining macromolecular substances therein is described. However, the examples described therein teach just the composition of the rumen bypass formulation, but the performance thereof and the evaluation of the rumen bypass effect after pelletization were not described at all.
The inventors of the present invention could not obtain a desired feed pellet according to the description of the example in the above U.S. Patent. The feed pellets obtained were insufficient in mechanical strength even by combining the rumen bypass formulation with macromolecular substance
REFERENCES:
patent: 5244669 (1993-09-01), Satoh
Furuta Masaichi
Morikawa Takao
Saito Shigeru
Sasaoka Seiji
Sugawara Masato
Nippon Soda Co. Ltd.
Phelan D. Gabrielle
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