Fatty mixtures

Details Fatty mixtures Fatty mixtures

1994-05-19

1995-12-12

Medley, Margaret

Compositions: coating or plastic

Coating or plastic compositions

Molds and mold coating compositions

252 56R, C09D19106, C10M10104

Patent

active

054746043

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to fatty mixtures containing fatty alcohols with 16 to 24 carbon atoms, wax esters and fatty ketones and to their use as mold release agents.


PRIOR ART

Animal and vegetable fats and oils have been used for centuries as mold release agents. As a result of increasing industrialization, however, the fats initially used for this purpose were increasingly replaced by mineral oils which were available in large quantities. It is only in conjunction with environmental awareness which has increased dramatically in recent years that the need for satisfactorily biodegradable products has arisen --a requirement which cannot be satisfied by products based on mineral oils [Fat Sci. Technol. 89, 237 (1987)].
The use of fatty acid esters and wax esters as ecologically safe mold release agents, for example in the production of concrete and in the tire industry, has long been known and is widely documented. On account of their structure, however, the esters have a melting point which is generally too low for their use as mold release agents. In addition, mold release agents predominantly containing esters are attended by the disadvantage that the esters are in danger of cleavage on contact with alkaline substances or of contributing towards unwanted softening of the materials, for example certain plastics [Fat. Sci. Technol. 92,473 (1991)].
A possible alternative to the development of high-melting, hydrolysis-resistant mold release agents is the use of long-chain fatty alcohols. However, since long-chain fatty alcohols have softening points below 50.degree. C., they are of only limited suitability for the required application. Even the addition of small quantities of wax esters to the fatty alcohols does not lead to a significant improvement in temperature behavior. On the contrary, a reduction in melting point is observed in a number of cases.
Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide new mold release agents which would be free from the disadvantages mentioned above.


DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to fatty mixtures containing
a) fatty alcohols corresponding to formula (I): alkyl radical with the following C chain distribution:


______________________________________ <C.sub.18 0 to 9% by weight C.sub.18 32 to 88% by weight C.sub.20 2 to 43% by weight C.sub.22 4 to 52% by weight >C.sub.22 0 to 15% by weight ______________________________________
R.sup.2 CO is an optionally hydroxy-substituted acyl radical containing 16 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 double bond and
R.sup.3 is an optionally hydroxy-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 16 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 double bond
c) fatty ketones corresponding to formula (III): radicals containing 15 to 24 carbon atoms.
It has surprisingly been found that the softening point of mixtures of long-chain fatty alcohols and wax esters can advantageously be increased by addition of fatty ketones to the mixtures and that the products are eminently suitable for use as mold release agents for a variety of industrial applications. In addition, the mold release agents are distinguished by high hydrolysis stability and by ready biodegradability which meets the general requirement for ecologically safe products.
Fatty alcohols corresponding to formula (I) suitable for use as component a) contain 16 to 24 carbon atoms. Typical examples are cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, 12-hydroxystearyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol and behenyl alcohol.
As usual in oleochemistry, the fatty alcohols may also be used in the form of technical cuts. Suitable starting materials for this purpose are, for example, methyl esters based on rapeseed oil rich in erucic acid, peanut oil, castor oil, meadowfoam oil, beef tallow or fish oil which are subjected to high pressure hydrogenation. Not only is the ester group reduced to the hydroxyl function, double bonds present in the fatty chain are also substantially saturated at the same time. Antifoam agents having particularly va

REFERENCES:
patent: 3893868 (1975-07-01), Klement et al.
patent: 4024088 (1977-05-01), Godlewski
patent: 4087398 (1978-05-01), Heyden et al.
patent: 4157990 (1979-07-01), Linder et al.
patent: 4639484 (1987-01-01), Percell
patent: 5100697 (1992-03-01), Nielsen
patent: 5308393 (1994-05-01), Hattich et al.
Fat. Sci. Technol. 89, 237 (1987) (No Month).
Fat. Sci. Technol. 92, 473 (1991) (No Month).

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