Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Matrices
Reexamination Certificate
2000-02-01
2001-11-27
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Matrices
C424S474000, C424S470000, C424S473000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06322816
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to a fast-acting analgesic preparation comprising as analgesic substance ibuprofen in an adjuvant matrix, where the preparation has a porous structure and a density of greater than 1 and up to 2.5 g/cm
3
.
The invention furthermore relates to a process for producing the preparation.
The use of ibuprofen, 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid, as nonsteroidal analgesic has been known for a relatively long time. Ibuprofen has an asymmetric carbon atom and, in the form used therapeutically, is generally in the form of the racemate.
The low solubility of the active substance is a problem with regard to the rapid onset of action which is required in the treatment of pain.
DE-C 36 39 038 discloses the achievement of a faster onset of action by using the pure S(+) isomer.
DE-C 41 40 185 proposes solving the problem of the low solubility of ibuprofen by using colloidal dispersion systems based on gelatin.
The problem of low solubility is furthermore frequently solved by converting ibuprofen into its water-soluble salts. However, sodium ibuprofenate, for example, is hygroscopic and can be tableted only poorly.
Ibuprofen is also available as lysine salt which, compared with the free acid, achieves a distinctly faster and higher maximum blood level C
max
and is currently regarded as the fastest dosage form. However, the conversion of the acid into the salt is more elaborate and more costly. In addition, lysine has, as amino acid, an allergenic potential, which is why the lysine salt has not been approved as medicinal product in some countries.
WO 96/29061 describes the production of transparent solid solutions of ibuprofen salts by a melt extrusion process.
It is an object of the present invention to find a fast-acting preparation of ibuprofen which achieves an effect which is as good as that of the lysine salt.
We have found that this object is achieved by the preparation defined at the outset, and a process for producing it.
Ibuprofen is processed according to the invention as free acid, preferably in the form of the racemate. However, it is also possible to use S(+)-ibuprofen. Depending on the dosage, the preparations may comprise from 5 to 80, preferably from 20 to 60, % by weight of ibuprofen. Suitable dosages are, for example, 200 mg or 400 mg per drug form. The active ingredient is preferably in the form of solid solution in an adjuvant matrix. The term “solid solution” is known to the skilled worker (cf. Chiou and Riegelmann, J. Pharm. Sci. 60(9), (1971) 1281-1301).
Besides water-soluble polymeric binders, the adjuvant matrix comprises carbonates and, where appropriate, conventional pharmaceutical adjuvants. Water-soluble means that at least 0.5 g, preferably at least 2 g of the polymer dissolve, where appropriate colloidally, in 100 g of water at 20° C.
Suitable polymeric binders according to the invention are water-soluble cellulose derivatives such as hydroxyalkylcelluloses, for example hydroxypropylcellulose, and, in particular, water-soluble homo- and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) with K values in the range from 10 to 90, preferably K25 to K30. Examples of suitable copolymers are copolymers of NVP and vinyl acetate, for example a copolymer of 60% by weight NVP and 40% by weight vinyl acetate with a K value of 28 or 30. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with a K value of 30 is particularly preferred as polymeric binder (for determination of the K value, see H. Fikentscher, Cellulosechemie 13 (1932) 58-64 and 71-74). It is also possible to employ mixtures of binders. The polymeric binders can be employed in amounts of from 10 to 80, preferably 30 to 70, % of the total weight of the preparation.
Suitable carbonates according to the invention are the alkali metal carbonates sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and the alkaline earth metal carbonates calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. Also suitable furthermore are the corresponding bicarbonates of sodium and potassium.
The carbonates or bicarbonates can be employed in amounts of from 0.1 to 20, preferably 2 to 15, % of the total weight of the preparation. Anhydrous carbonates or bicarbonates are preferably employed. It is also particularly preferred to employ ground carbonates, in which case the particle sizes are preferably less than 500 &mgr;m.
The preparations may additionally also contain conventional pharmaceutical adjuvants in the amounts customary for this purpose, for example stabilizers, antioxidants, dyes, flavorings, bulking agents or stabilizers such as highly disperse silica or lubricants. The drug forms may furthermore also comprise codeine, caffeine or vitamin C in the amounts customary for this purpose.
The preparations according to the invention are produced by mixing the components using shear forces and supplying thermal energy. The mixing preferably takes place in a single-screw or multiscrew extruder, particularly preferably a twin-screw extruder. The supply of thermal energy produces a melt of the mixing components. This normally takes place by heating the extruder jacket to from 50 to 180, preferably 80 to 130° C. The active ingredient can be mixed with the other components before or after the melting of the polymeric binder. The melts are solvent-free. This means that no water or organic solvents are added.
The molten mixture of the components is conveyed by the screw movement toward the extruder outlet, which preferably consists of a die. The pressure is reduced to from 10 to 600 mbar, preferably 30 to 200 mbar, particularly preferably 50 to 150 mbar, according to the invention in the last segment or section before the die. After extrusion through the die, the still plastic composition is shaped to suitable drug forms.
Suitable drug forms are preferably tablets, for example bolus tablets, lenticular tablets or else buccal tablets, pastilles, instant granules, granules or pellets for sachets or for filling capsules. Suppositories are also suitable according to the invention.
Tablets are preferably produced by the process described in EP-A 240 906 by passing the still plastic extrudate between two rolls which are driven in opposite directions and have mutually facing depressions in the surface of the rolls. It is also possible to obtain tablets with scores by appropriate choice of the shape of these depressions. Granules or pellets can be obtained by cold cutting or, preferably, by hot cutting.
The drug forms may additionally be provided with coatings known per se which have no effect on the release behavior.
The drug forms according to the invention are suitable for the preferred oral administration. They have a density, determined using a helium pycnometer, of more than 1 and up to 2.5, preferably from 1.1 to 2.0, particularly preferably from 1.4 to 1.9, g/cm
3
and are porous. The density is determined using a helium pycnometer in accordance with OECD Guideline, Paris 1981, Test Guideline, page 100, or according to DIN 55990 or DIN 53243. This entails determination of the volume of liquid helium displaced. In contrast to conventional methods, this procedure provides the true density of a solid and not the apparent density. The helium is able, because of its small atomic diameter, to penetrate into the smallest fissures and pores.
The average pore size is preferably 80 &mgr;m, and the pores may have diameters of from 10 to 300 &mgr;m. A honeycomb-like structure is evident in the cross section through a drug form.
The active ingredient is particularly preferably present as solid solution in the matrix, which can be demonstrated by DSC measurements (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and by X-ray diffraction investigations. The drug forms may, however, also be present as mixed forms in which part of the active ingredient is in the form of a solid solution and another part is recrystallized. The active ingredient can also be in completely recrystallized form. The proportion of recrystallized free acid can be controlled by the amount of carbonate added.
In contrast to known solid solutions of ibuprofen, the drug forms according to the invention are, howeve
Berndl Gunther
Breitenbach Jorg
Leipold Bernd
Neumann Jorg
Rosenberg Jörg
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Fubara Blessing
Keil & Weinkauf
Page Thurman K.
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