Fan with an essentially square housing

Details Fan with an essentially square housing Fan with an essentially square housing

1987-09-25

1989-12-12

Garrett, Robert E.

Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps

With sound or vibratory wave absorbing or preventing means...

F04D 2966

Patent

active

048864153

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a fan with an essentially square housing and an impeller that is centrally driven by an electric motor; with the axis of rotation of the impeller being perpendicular to a first main inlet surface of the housing and in parallel to the inflow direction. The flow of air leaving the impeller being deflected by 90.degree. leaving the fan housing at at least one lateral surface of the housing that is perpendicular to said first main surface; and wherein a bottom surface of said housing that is opposite the inlet surface being developed as a closed wall with the blade edges of the impeller on the outlet side being spaced a distance away from the bottom surface.
Initially fans were equipped with so-called radial impellers; i.e., the air is deflected in the impeller itself from the intake direction by 90.degree. into the outlet plane. This results in a higher pressure yield than by means of the so-called axial impeller fans. Fans of this type are known from the German Published Patent Application 22 57 509 (DE-413). Similar fans are also known from DE-OS 21 39 036 (DE-409). In both cases, a conventional radial impeller was used in which the 90.degree. deflection of the flow takes place inside the impeller.
However, solutions of this type (conversions of axial to radial flow) are also known where a deflection of the flow takes place in the area of the impeller itself although the shape of the impeller is that of an axial wheel.
Thus, it is stated in DE-AS 15 03 609 that the delivered medium is already subjected to a deflection in the first part of the impeller wheel and leaves the impeller wheel with a radial flow component. According to the objective that is described there, this solution seems to be useful mainly for very high pressure requirements. This prior solution also has a housing ring that expands conically in the direction of the flow delivery and extends approximately to over half the axial width of the impeller wheel. Because of this lack of complete covering of the axial width, the solution permits the radial flow component in the area of the impeller wheel. As far as the reduction of noise is concerned, this solution is still very imperfect.
Another previously known solution according to DE-OS 18 02 523, like the last-described arrangement, as far as the outward appearance is concerned, shows an axial impeller, but here also, the ring that surrounds the impeller extends only to the axial center of the impeller, so that a deflection of the air in radial direction takes place inside the impeller. In axial view, this arrangement is very large.
DE-PS 634 449 shows a spiral housing where the deflection of the air flow in radial direction takes place by means of very rounded blades in their central area. The impeller that is used here is also an axial wheel, but the blades themselves deliver air radially beyond their outer edges into the flow space-analogously to the two last-described solutions. The tube that extends from an inlet plane into the axial center of the blades and encloses it is tapered extensively in flow direction.
In all these previously known solutions, the blades have the function to deliver extensively in radial direction via their radially exterior blade edges, and the deflection of the air takes place, as in the case of the conventional radial impeller, inside said impeller. These solutions are not suited to sufficiently satisfy today's predominant objective of low noise while still retaining an axially compact fan.
In the electronics industry or in the data-processing industry, it is also common to use fans of this type in connection with larger housing boxes for the ventilating of the electronic system located in the apparatus. It is increasingly required in these cases that the noise level be low, particularly in the field of miniature fans having impeller diameters of less than 200 mm. In practice, the situation exists that more compromises can be made with respect to the pressure or volume per time, while very strict requirement

REFERENCES:
patent: 2325222 (1943-07-01), Bretzlaff et al.
patent: 2631775 (1953-03-01), Gordon
patent: 3809503 (1974-05-01), Schlicker et al.
patent: 4073597 (1978-02-01), Barnhart et al.
patent: 4128364 (1978-12-01), Papst et al.

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