Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Coated or structually defined flake – particle – cell – strand,... – Staple length fiber
Patent
1997-06-30
1998-11-17
Edwards, Newton
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand,...
Staple length fiber
428397, 428401, 428400, D02G 300
Patent
active
058373705
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to improvements in and relating to fabrics of wool and/or of polyester fibers, and relates more particularly to slivers of polyester cut fiber (sometimes referred to as staple) and/or of wool that are suitable for processing on a worsted or woollen system, and to improvements in processes relating thereto and in products therefrom.
In general, how fabrics are "finished" in commercial practice is and has been a closely-guarded secret. It has been suggested in the published art that fabrics be treated with silicones by padding the fabrics or dipping the fabrics in a bath. I have not, however, found any specific teaching of improving woollen/worsted-type fabrics of polyester cut fiber or of polyester/wool blends by applying a silicone slickener specifically to the sliver, as opposed to treating a fabric, so the polyester fibers in the sliver are slickened. Examples of art teachings of applying silicones to wool fabrics include U.S. Pat. No. 5,236,465 (Ohashi et al.), teaching shrink-proofing woollen fabrics by soaking the fabrics first in an aqueous persulfate, drying, and then finishing wih a curable organopolysiloxane and this refers to earlier teaching of treating woollen fabrics with a silicone-based shrink-proof agent; U.S. Pat No. 5,102,930 (Nakazato et al.), teaching shrink-proofing woollen fabrics by soaking them in an aqueous emulsion of specific combinations of organopolysiloxanes; U.S. Pat No. 4,405,328 (Nickel et al.), U.S. Pat No. 4,248,590 (Koerner et al.) and U.S. Pat No. 4,182,682 (Koerner et al.), all teaching shrink-proofing wool fabrics by treating with specific organopolysiloxane compositions; and, similarly, GB 2,082,215 (Wool Development International Limited, Edmonson) teaching imparting shrink-resistance and water-repellency by treating wool fabrics with polysiloxane combinations. An example of such a reference that specifically mentions padding and dipping fabrics of polyester fibers for silicone treatment is JP 87015670 (Toray). As indicated, these all treat fabrics. There was no teaching in these references that precursor polyester slivers should be slickened, instead of the fabrics.
Nihon Ester KK has disclosed in Japanese Patent Applications Publications (KoKai) Nos. Showa 58-208,417 (Dec. 5, 1983) and Showa 59-192,727 (Nov. 1, 1984) mohair-like polyester fibers and spun yarn and a method for manufacturing mohair-like polyester fibers. Such mohair-like polyester fibers had a combination of the following specific requirements: (1) the polyester polymer had to have a "haze value" of no more than 30%, as defined therein; (2) the fibers had to be a uniform blend of 2 or more differing deniers, within a specific dpf range of 2.5 to 8.5, such deniers differing by at least 5 dpf; (3) the fibers had to have a specific number of crimps/25 mm (3 to 8 per 25 mm length) and a crimping ratio of 3 to 10%; and (4) dynamic coefficient friction between the fibers had to be 0.20 to 0.30, which was obtained by treating the precursor filaments in the form of tow with a polysiloxane and/or polyoxyalkylene-type softening and finishing agent and a cross-linking agent before heat-treating and cutting the filaments to give a variable staple length that was desired. Nihon Ester treated their continuous filament tows before heat-treating and cutting their tows to form their "variable staple", i.e., cut polyester fiber of variable fiber length, which was what they desired.
Habib U.S. Pat. No. 3,653,955 (filed May 20, 1968) disclosed antistatic fiber treatments involving applying to the fibers a conductive silicone lubricant composition (see Abstract and col. 2, lines 13 et seq.). Habib's claim 1 refers to loose keratin fibers, claims 6 and 12 to dyed wool top, and claim 11 to keratinous fibers and mixtures of fibers containing at least 10% by weight of keratinous fibers. Col. 2, line 35, states "Synthetic fibers which have been combined with keratinous fibers and successfully treated include polyester fibers such as "DACRON" of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company; and "FORTREL" of the
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patent: 5236465 (1993-08-01), Ohashi et al.
E.I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
Edwards Newton
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