Fabrication of optical waveguides by indiffusion of metals

Details Fabrication of optical waveguides by indiffusion of metals Fabrication of optical waveguides by indiffusion of metals

1979-12-17

1981-08-18

Smith, Ronald H.

Coating processes

Optical element produced

Transparent base

65 30E, 350 963, 427250, 427255, 427282, 4273833, 29458, B05D 506

Patent

active

042846633

ABSTRACT:
There is disclosed a method of fabricating an optical waveguiding surface layer in an optically transparent crystalline substrate, such as lithium niobate, by selectively indiffusing metal ions, such as titanium, into the crystal to effect an increase in the index of refraction of a surface portion thereof. The indiffused metal ions serve to raise both the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of the substrate by amounts which are of the order of one percent at the diffusion surface and which gradually decrease by one-half at depths of the order of one micrometer below the surface. By properly adjusting the relevant diffusion parameters in the method, the important surface waveguide characteristics can be independently controlled.

REFERENCES:
patent: 2392429 (1946-01-01), Sykes
patent: 2856313 (1958-10-01), Gerber
patent: 3271179 (1966-09-01), Smith
patent: 3434774 (1969-03-01), Miller
patent: 3446603 (1969-05-01), Loiacono et al.
patent: 3837827 (1974-09-01), Carruthers et al.
patent: 3850688 (1974-11-01), Halt

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