Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Liquid/liquid solvent or colloidal extraction or diffusing...
Patent
1988-09-20
1991-04-09
Cintins, Ivars
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Liquid/liquid solvent or colloidal extraction or diffusing...
210652, 210787, 210806, C02F 900
Patent
active
050062573
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to thermal waters and muds and more particularly to problems of a sanitary nature posed by their use in public places.
Thermal waters have special chemical and bacteriological compositions. Each type of thermal water contains active anions and cations in the form of dissolved salts or as gases, and some waters contain living agents in the form of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms commonly called "thermal plankton." These microorganisms are more particularly the bacteria of sulfur, of iron, and the cyanobacteria.
Thermal muds are the component: silica, etc.) constituting a "natural occurrence of thermal mud" or simply formed by natural clays generally extracted outside the site, specific for each type of water, and these microorganisms themselves.
The curative properties of thermal waters and muds have been known from highest antiquity and in particular since the Roman civilization.
It is known practice to make patients undergo thermal cures during which they drink thermal water, take showers or baths in thermal water, or receive applications of thermal muds.
In particular it is known practice to let the patients take baths in swimming pools filled with thermal water. But in this case the water of the swimming pool is inevitably polluted by the bathers and becomes charged with dangerous germs such as coliform bacilli, streptococci, staphylococci, clostridium(,) sulfite reducing agents and others.
When the thermal springs have a very heavy flow, it is possible to reduce this pollution by evacuation of the water so that the swimming pool is practically a basin of running water; but this is not always the case so that the volumes available for renewal of the water are not sufficient to ensure satisfactory evacuation of the dangerous germs.
It is indispensable, therefore, to resort to processes of sterilization of swimming pool water which can only be physical processes as the chemical ones such as chlorination, ozonization, would transform the initial chemical composition of the thermal water and by their long-lasting sterilization effect would destroy the living elements possibly reintroduced at end of cycle. The sterilization processes that can be used are filtration, heat, ultraviolet rays, etc. What is then obtained is water clean from the sanitary point of view but which is "dead water" having practically lost all its curative properties of thermal water, notably because the thermal plankton has been killed.
The problem is the same with respect to muds: In contact with the patient's body the mud becomes laden with more or less infectious bacteria and with germs.
For local applications the quantities of mud used are small and one can, without major disadvantage, not re-use the mud that has served for an application. But in this case of treatment by immersion, that is, of what is called mud baths, the quantities of mud taken are such that they cannot be replaced after each use. Hence they must be recycled.
It is then imperative to free them of their germs and harmful bacteria, that is, in fact, to sterilize them and in this case also one risks destroying most of their curative properties.
The object of the present invention is a process consisting in regenerating sterilized thermal waters and muds by means of thermal water extract and it covers also by way of new industrial product the thermal water extract permitting to carry out such a regeneration.
This extract is obtained by concentration of the thermal water so as to eliminate a large quantity of water (in fact, the greatest quantity possible) and preserving only the living elements that constitute the thermal plankton. This elimination of water is obtained by any known means such as centrifugation, microfiltration, reverse osmosis.
As an example, it is possible by centrifugation to obtain from 2 cubic meters of water 1/4 liter of extract.
The most complete process tested is that of centrifugation for it permits concentrating almost all of the large molecules and moreover trapping the gases dissolved in the water. These
REFERENCES:
patent: 4222825 (1980-09-01), Eisden
patent: 4334788 (1982-06-01), Miner
patent: 4804478 (1989-02-01), Tamir
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