Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Carbohydrates or derivatives
Patent
1993-11-29
1995-07-25
Beisner, William H.
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Carbohydrates or derivatives
536 2541, 422101, 435 6, 435287, 435810, C07H 2100, B01L 1100
Patent
active
054363284
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention concerns an extraction system, in particular the present invention concerns a method to perform extraction of nucleic acids in a closed system and an extraction system to pursue the method.
2. Description of the Related Art
Extractions of nucleic acids from cells are important procedures in biochemical work. Such extractions are normally accomplished by chemical or physical denaturation of membranes, followed either by precipitation of the nucleic acid, or by permitting nucleic acids to bind to a medium with affinity to nucleic acids. Subsequently the nucleic acid is washed or cleaned.
These operations are normally carried out using conventional procedures in an open handling chain, typically using piston pipers and microcentrifuge tubes. A disadvantage with this open handling is that the reaction liquid is repeatedly exposed, giving rise to contamination risks.
Such contamination consists predominantly of air-borne particles carrying microorganisms, fragments of nucleic acids and nucleases. The present invention aims to minimize the risk for this type of contamination during extraction of nucleic acids by handling the components of the process (cells, chemicals and binding medium for nucleic acids) in a closed handling chain.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In brief, the principle for the present invention is to utilize a medium (a chemical compound or a suspension of particles) which is denser than water and has an affinity to specific molecules, e.g. nucleic acids, which is serving as a shuttle, that, using centrifugation or sedimentation, alternately is transferred to desired fluid matter (e.g. washing buffer), alternately is temporarily stored in a capillary tube, at time for exchange of the desired fluid matter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be more precisly described in relation to the enclosed figures, in which
FIG. 1 is a section view of a first reaction vial constituting one of the two parts of an extraction system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a section view of a second reaction vial, constituting the second part of the extraction system according to the present invention; and
FIG. 3. is a diagrammatic view of the extraction system mounted together.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The extraction system according to the present invention is generally designated by reference number 1 in the figures. The extraction system includes a first reaction vial 2 according to FIG. 1 and a second reaction vial 3 according to FIG. 2, both having configurations permitting them to be fitted together with the bottom ends directed upwards and downwards respectively as illustrated in FIG. 3. This fit is generated by means of the reaction vial 2 being provided with an upper, convergent section or lid 4 and the reaction vial 3 being provided with an upper divergent or collared section 8. The angle(s) of the convergent section corresponds to the divergent section leading to a tight fit and, consequently, a closed system when the two reaction vials 2, 3 are mounted together as shown in FIG. 3. Also as shown in FIG. 3, the outer diameter of the first reaction vial 2 corresponds to the inner diameter of the collared section 8 of the section reaction vial 3.
In lid 4 of the first reaction vial 2, one or more (the number corresponds to the number of capillaries 12 below) tube shaped orifices 3 which optionally can be covered by a permeable membrane 6, is provided. The second reaction vial 3 is provided with a considerably wider orifice 9 in comparison to orifice(s) 5, which orifice 9 serves to exchange the upper section 4 of the reaction vial 2 as explained above, c.f. FIG. 3.
The second vial 3 is a housing in which, one or more capillaries 12 are longitudinally arranged. These capillaries 12 are fixed, preferably the center of the second reaction vial 3, as a consequence of the top end(s) being inserted into a bore 11 in a horizontal disc 10, which is situated in the upper section of the react
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