Prosthesis (i.e. – artificial body members) – parts thereof – or ai – Arterial prosthesis – Stent structure
Reexamination Certificate
1997-02-03
2001-05-29
Thaler, Michael H. (Department: 3731)
Prosthesis (i.e., artificial body members), parts thereof, or ai
Arterial prosthesis
Stent structure
C623S001110
Reexamination Certificate
active
06238431
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention generally relates to a stent, and more particularly, to a device for insertion in the lumen of hollow organs and tubular parts of the bodies of animals, including humans, for supporting and holding open the organs or body parts such as blood vessels, trachea, ureter, esophagus, viscera or any tubular or hollow organs during treatment of diseases. The stent includes a longitudinal passageway for conveying fluids and solids through the lumen of body parts.
Stents have been known and used in the past. Although the diameter of conventional stents is expandable in order to be fixed in place and to maintain dialation, they cannot be removed. The problem with conventional stents is that they can be changed in diameter to fit a particular hollow organ or body part and anchored in place, but once this is done, they cannot be reduced in size and removed.
Some conventional stents are helixes or springs that can be compressed parietally of transversely and may change in diameter. Solids can possibly become lodged between the coils of the stent. This will block the flow of fluids through the organ or tubular body part. Also, the body can build up fibrous tissues, neointima, fiberous tissue or plaque around or inside the coils of the stent. When this happens, the stent becomes embedded in the body tissues and is difficult or impossible to remove.
In conventional stents designed with rough surfaces (gaps and holes such as netting or helixes), the body can build up fibrous tissue or neointima on the rough surface, obstruct or occlude the movement of solids or fluids through the body part thus preventing extraction of the stent. Secondarily, solids passing through the body part could become embedded in the rough surface of the stent and obstruct movement of material through the body part. Conventional stents, therefore, usually are not removed, but become permanently implanted.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a stent that can be inserted to the desired destination, expanded to the desired size, locked in place for a designated period of time, unlocked, contracted in size and then removed.
Another object of the invention is to provide a stent that can be serially dialated and releasably locked in different stages by expanding the diameter.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a stent that can be inserted percutaneously or through a native orifice at any diameter that is smaller than is needed to support or fit a hollow or tubular body part at the target point.
According to the present invention the improved stent includes a resilient, tubular housing for supporting hollow organs or tubular body parts, said tubular housing including a longitudinal passageway for conveying fluids or solids through said organs or said parts; a variably controlled diameter; a means for expanding the variably controlled diameter; and a means for releasably holding at least one expanded diameter.
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Sigwart, U., “The Self-Expanding Mesh Stent,”Textbook of Interventional Cardiology, Ch. 29, pp. 605-622 (W. B. Saunders Co., 1990).
Ellis, S.G., “The Palmaz-Schatz Stent: Potential Coronary Applications,”Textbook of Interventional Cardiology, Ch. 30, pp. 623-632, (W. B. Saunders Co., 1990).
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