External wall construction

Details External wall construction External wall construction

2000-12-21

2003-03-04

Mai, Lanna (Department: 3637)

Static structures (e.g., buildings)

Facer held by stiffener-type frame

Facer back abuts and conceals frame

C052S407500, C052S591400, C052S417000, C052S461000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06526715

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an external wall construction comprising a bearing wall constituted by fixing a plurality of ceramic type external wall panels to a building framework of a building through framework wall construction methods or skeleton framing wall construction methods.
2. Description of the Related Arts
Conventional external wall constructions for building structural panels are known to be external wall constructions that are constructed through framework wall construction methods or skeleton framing wall construction methods.
An example of such a conventional external wall construction
9
is illustrated in FIG.
19
.
This external wall construction
9
includes a building framework
92
constituted of framing materials
921
such as squared logs, building structural panels
93
fixed on the building framework
92
, waterproof sheets
94
set on the building structural panel
93
, lateral furring strips
95
fixed on the building structural panels
93
with the waterproof sheets
94
, and external wall panels
96
for example ceramic type panels fixed on the building structural panels
93
with the lateral furring strips
95
(see FIGS.
19
and
20
).
The building structural panels
93
are unified with the building framework
92
to form a bearing wall
930
which resist the vertical or horizontal pressure, and thus a security of constructional bearing strength is secured.
The constructing process of this external wall construction
9
includes framing the building framework
92
with the framing materials
921
in the first step, fixing the building panels
93
by face-nailing nails
935
on the building framework
92
in the second step (As a result, bearing wall
930
is formed.), fixing lateral furring strips
95
on the building structural panels
93
interposing the waterproof sheets
94
by nailing in the third step, and fixing the external wall panels
96
for example ceramic type panels on the building structural panels
93
interposing the lateral furring strips
95
by nailing in the fourth step.
A coating material is applied to a front surface of the external wall panels
96
as necessary.
In this manner, the external wall construction
9
can be obtained.
However, such a conventional external wall construction
9
presents following drawbacks.
The aforementioned external wall construction
9
has many components i.e. the building framework
92
, the building structural panels
93
, the waterproof sheets
94
, the lateral furring strips
95
, and the external wall panels
96
. Consequently the construction is extremely complicated (see FIGS.
19
and
20
).
And the complicated construction causes requirements of many construction steps and also leads to increased material costs.
And the aforementioned external wall construction
9
except for the building framework portion is so thick that effective indoor spaces are reduced.
It would be thinkable to fix the external wall panels
96
directly to the building framework
92
through face-nailing with the furring strips
95
being interposed therebetween. However, in case the external wall panel is ceramic type, cracks
966
or chippings
967
are apt to be generated through face-nailing in peripheries of portions at which nails
935
pierce through rearward surfaces
961
of the panels as illustrated in
FIG. 21
since the external wall panels
96
do not exhibit particular shock-resistant characteristics. Consequently, fixing force of the external wall panels
96
to the building framework
92
will be degraded and may cause leakage of water.
While it is possible to prevent penetration of water into the interior of the building (arrow B in
FIG. 20
) by the provision of the waterproof sheets
94
in the external wall construction
9
, absorption of water of the external wall panels
96
themselves from their rearward surfaces
961
cannot be prevented.
So, generally, the rearward surfaces
961
of the external wall panel
96
is coated by sealer, but the treatment is still insufficient to prevent absorption of water. As a result absorption of water may occur particularly through the cracks
966
or chippings
967
. Such absorption of water may cause dimensional changes in the external wall panels
96
. Moreover, if carbon dioxide penetrates through portions of the cracks
966
or chippings
967
, carbonation or neutralization of external wall panels
96
through aging may be promoted and may lead to deterioration in durability.
There is a drawback that preventing condensation on indoor surfaces of the external wall panels
96
or building framework
92
may become difficult when the external wall panels
96
is directly fixed to the building framework
92
.
More particularly, when the external wall panels
96
is directly fixed to the building framework
92
as illustrated in FIG.
24
(A), heat insulators
98
are formed on indoor sides of the external wall panels
96
. Particularly during wintertime, air
7
of high temperature and humidity residing indoors passes through the heat insulators
98
and reaches the interior of the external wall panels
96
. The temperature of the proximity to the external wall panels
96
is low during wintertime, since it is close to outside-air temperature. Thus, the air
7
of high temperature and humidity passing from indoors through the heat insulators
98
is cooled to result in condensation on inner surfaces of the external wall panels
96
, the heat insulators
98
, and the surface of the building framework
92
.
In an arrangement in which the building structural panels
93
are fixed to the building framework
92
and in which the external wall panels
96
are constructed with the lateral furring strips
95
being interposed therebetween as illustrated in
FIG. 20
, it is possible to provide ventilation layers
97
between the building structural panels
93
and the external wall panels
96
(see FIG.
23
).
More particularly, the ventilation layers
97
are provided in the following manner. When the external wall panels
96
is constructed through horizontal siding work, the vertical furring strips
950
are constructed in longitudinal directions as illustrated in
FIG. 22
(A), and when the external wall panels
96
is constructed through vertical siding work, the lateral furring strips
95
are formed on notches
951
and are constructed in vertical directions as illustrated in FIG.
22
(B).
With this arrangement, it is possible to obtain ventilation layers
97
wherein air
7
residing between the external wall panels
96
and the building structural panels
93
is reliably released upward. Generation of condensation as explained above can be accordingly prevented since air
7
passes through the ventilation layer
97
as illustrated in FIG.
23
. Note that reference numeral
928
in FIGS.
22
(A),
22
(B) denotes a window frame.
However, the ventilation layer
97
cannot be provided in case the external wall panels
96
are directly fixed to the building framework
92
(see FIG.
24
(A)). Since girths
924
of the building framework
92
intercept spaces formed between right and left continuous columns
923
as illustrated in
FIG. 24
(B), the passage of air
7
of high temperature and humidity for upward release is blocked thereby (see FIG.
24
(A)).
Condensation may be accordingly generated on the external wall panels
96
, heat insulators
98
or the building framework
92
, which may lead to degradations of durability of the bearing wall owing to corrosion of the building framework
92
or degradations of heat-insulating performance owing to swelling of the heat insulators
98
. Penetration of moisture into the interior of the external wall panels
96
will cause gradual degradation of the durability of the panels themselves, and may also cause corrosion of timbers in case the building framework is comprised of timbers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the related art, and it is an object of the invention to provide an external wa

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