Explosive placement for explosive expansion toward spaced apart

Mining or in situ disintegration of hard material – Tunnel recovery of fluid material

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102 23, 166259, 166299, 299 13, E21B 4324, E21B 4326

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active

041462726

ABSTRACT:
A subterranean formation containing oil shale is prepared for in situ retorting by initially excavating a pair of spaced apart voids, leaving an intervening zone of unfragmented formation between the voids. The intervening zone has substantially parallel free faces adjoining the void. A plurality of elongated blasting holes are formed in the intervening zone of unfragmented formation, the longitudinal axis of each blasting hole being substantially perpendicular to the parallel free faces of the intervening zone. At least two deck loads of explosives are placed in each blasting hole, with each load being longitudinally spaced apart from each adjacent load by stemming. The loads of explosive are then detonated in a single round of explosions with a time delay between adjacent loads for expanding formation in the intervening zones toward both voids. The fragmented mass of formation particles is then retorted to recover shale oil from the oil shale.

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Blakey, P. N. et al, "Kidd Creek's Innovative Blast Hole Sublevel Stoping", Mining Engineering, Jun., 1976, pp. 25-31.
"Facts About Delay Blasting", from Du Pont Research.
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