Dentistry – Method or material for testing – treating – restoring – or...
Patent
1995-05-15
1997-12-09
Lucchesi, Nicholas D.
Dentistry
Method or material for testing, treating, restoring, or...
433175, 623 8, A61C 500
Patent
active
056953380
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention consists of an expansion device based on a silicone film that facilitates oral reconstruction in the event of bone loss and a method for the installation of the expansion device beneath a patient's gum in order to carry out oral reconstruction.
When a tooth is removed, the alveolar bone is gradually resorbed because of the stimulus of loss of ossification-inducing pressure from the teeth. As the resorption process advances, the size of the bone gets reduced, i.e. the bone on which the dental roots are positioned start shrinking (this is the alveolar process).
The absence of just one tooth can set off modifications throughout the dental arch and even prompt a possible softening (loss of insertion) which may cause the loss of other teeth. The absence of several teeth aggravates the problem. Bone loss may finally modify the patient's appearance and, depending on the loss, may make him incapable of receiving brides, implants or even dentures.
It is then necessary to carry out several surgical operations to reconstruct the alveolar ridge of the mandible or maxilla.
Although these methods of surgical reconstruction have been successfully performed, this type of operation has had drawbacks. Certain methods have involved opening the mucoperiosteal tissue along the entire length of the atrophied alveolar ridge and then placing the substance, calcium hydroxyapatite, at the top of the edentulous alveolar ridge and at the same time holding the hydroxyapatite in position while suturing the delicate mucoperisteal tissue, which was stretched, to bring it back to its initial position. This surgical operation has had drawbacks such as the tearing of the mucoperisteal tissue and the shifting of the hydroxyapatite as well as insufficiency in the reconstitution of the alveolar ridge of the mandible or maxilla.
Furthermore, conventional surgical techniques have generally given rise to difficulties in maintaining the hydroxyapatite particles along the alveolar ridge to prevent them from migrating towards the lingual sulci or the buccal and labial vestibules. However, attempts to obtain adequate tissue coverage generally resulted in obliterating the buccal vestibule, necessitating vestibuloplasty. There have also been cases of lip paresthesia caused by damage to the nerves of the chin. The surgical device known as the stent is commonly used to control particles. This could give rise to an erosion of the mucosa and deshiscence of the hydroxyapatite from stent pressure.
Apart from surgery for oral reconstruction known in the prior art, there also exist inflatable or expandable devices placed beneath the periosteum in the edentulous mandibular or maxillary ridge.
These inflatable devices have advantages as compared with the surgical techniques of the prior art inasmuch as they avert necrosis, tearing of tissues, paresthesia of the chin nerve, migrations of hydroxyapatite, the obliteration of the buccal vestibule, the erosion of the mucosa, dehiscence, hematoma formation, etc.
However, these known inflatable devices have one or more cannulae by which the expanding liquid is introduced. Whereas the expansion device proper is placed beneath the subperiosteal tissue, its cannula remains outside the mouth. This is very uncomfortable. Furthermore, the cannula, by virtue of its being a link between the interior of the gum and the exterior, increases the risk of infection.
OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide an expansion device similar to those known in the prior art but which can be applied to the mouth without any risk or discomfort for the patient. In a document U.S. Pat. No. 4,719,918, an expansion device has already been described with a cannula comprising, as a variant, a plate made of a material forming a natural valve placed flat against a wall of a closed pouch forming a device and designed to receive a filling needle. The valve is even placed preferably inside the pouch. This device furthermore comprises a protection system aga
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