Animal husbandry – Entomological culture device – Egg treatment – production – or storage
Patent
1983-05-09
1984-12-25
Chamblee, Hugh R.
Animal husbandry
Entomological culture device
Egg treatment, production, or storage
A01K 6100
Patent
active
044896735
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an equipment for the raising of eels, crayfish and other cave- and bottom-living marine organisms in a manner appropriate to their habits, comprising a water-filled container for receiving the maring organisms, in which hiding places for the marine organisms are provided below the surface of the water and water flows through said hiding places.
It has been known in commercial warm-water eel cultivation to raise eels, for instance, in longitudinal-flow basins provided with an end drainage screen. However, such longitudinal-flow basins are not suitable, because eels, being bottom-living fish, must continually live at the bottom in a mixture of water, excrements and feed scraps. Cleaning of the basins and in particular of the drainage screen causes severe strain to the fish. It is practically impossible to remove sick and dead animals without having to drain the entire basin (Arbeiten des Deutschen Fischereiverbandes, No. 30, 1980, by H. Kuhlmann, p. 74). A more recent study (Niedersachsische Landesentwicklungsgesellschaft m.b.H., Hanover 1979, entitled "Aalfutterungsanlage-Vorbereitungs-stufe") also does not solve the problem of eel raising. In said publication again flat bottoms with their attendant problems are used, and moreover the water flow rate is too high. The known raising methods result in a relatively low rate of stocking of 15 kg per m.sup.2 of the body of water or 37.5 kg per m.sup.3 of water for the eel, which requires little oxygen and is therefore resistant (Nileg-Studie, 1979, pp. 6 and 24). In contrast thereto it is possible in case of trout, which live in free water, require considerably more oxygen and are thus more delicate, to obtain rates of stocking of between 100 kg per m.sup.3 to 167 kg per m.sup.3 (H. Keesen: Aufbau und Funktion einer Zuchtungsbatterie mit umlaufendem Wasser fur die Aufzucht von Forellensetzlingen; Arbeiten des Deutschen Fischerei-Verbandes, No. 19, 1976). Thus, the much more fastidious trout permits rates of stocking per m.sup.3 of water which are 2.5- to 4.5-times as high although one would expect eels to tolerate--as they do when being transported--considerably higher rates of stocking in the raising thereof than trout, because the oxygen requirement of trout is about 3.4-times that of eels. It may therefore be assumed that the accommodation of eels in the known raising plants is not agreeable to the habits of eels and does not permit full development of the eel's production potential.
The papers by Kuhlmann, "Neue Technik zur Haltung and Anfutterung von Glasaalen", Arbeiten des Deutschen Fischereiverbandes, No. 30, 1980, describe a raising equipment in which the eel is lured away from the bottom onto wire frames into the open water. As compared to earlier methods, this new technique permits an improved result of growth increase of up to 50% with a simultaneous higher rate of stocking and better utilization of the water. However, as compared to the rate of stocking in the case of trout, these results are still unsatisfactory.
It is the object of the invention to provide an equipment for raising eel, crayfish and other cave- and bottom-living marine organisms, which, while it permits a high rate of stocking, at all times provides for clean and high-oxygen and, if necessary, warm breathing water.
According to the invention an equipment is provided comprising a supporting base for hiding receptacles adapted to the habits of the marine organisms to be accommodated, and clean water flows through said hiding receptacles, the rear ends of which are constricted to prevent the marine organisms from escaping in the direction of the flow of water.
The invention is defined by claim 1, and the subclaims are directed to the preferred features of the invention.
The receptacles are well adapted to the habits of the marine organisms and ensure raising more free from strain with less danger from diseases and considerably higher rate of stocking which means more efficient use of water.
Living accommodations for eels adapted to the behaviour of the organism
REFERENCES:
patent: 2007479 (1935-07-01), Salles et al.
patent: 3797458 (1974-03-01), Day et al.
patent: 3858554 (1975-01-01), Beaupoil et al.
patent: 3929100 (1975-12-01), Thomas et al.
Chamblee Hugh R.
Whaley Thomas H.
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