Epithelins: novel cysteine-rich growth modulating proteins

Chemistry: natural resins or derivatives; peptides or proteins; – Peptides of 3 to 100 amino acid residues – 25 or more amino acid residues in defined sequence

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435 691, 530399, C07K 14475

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active

054161924

ABSTRACT:
A novel family of growth regulatory proteins termed "epithelins" are described. The epithelins comprise several distinct members sharing significant structural homology. Two members of the epithelin family, epithelin 1 and epithelin 2, have been purified from natural sources. In addition, cDNA and PCR clones encoding mature and precursor epithelins from various chordate sources have been obtained and sequenced, including the complete human, mouse and rat epithelin precursors. The recombinant expression of rat epithelin precursor and mature forms is described. Purified epithelin 1 is a bifunctional growth regulator, capable of stimulating the growth of some cell types while inhibiting the growth of others. Purified epithelin 2 is functionally similar to epithelin 1 with respect to growth inhibitory bioactivity. In contrast, however, epithelin 2 is apparently not capable of eliciting the growth stimulatory activity characteristic of epithelin 1 and, in fact, antagonizes this epithelin 1 activity.

REFERENCES:
Shoyab et al., "Structure & Function of Human Amphiregulia . . . ", Science, 243:1074-1076, Feb. 1989.
Mohammed Shoyab et al., (1990), "Epithelins 1 and 2: Isolation and characterization of two cysteine-rich growth-modulating proteins", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87:7912-7916.
Andrew Bateman et al., (1990), "Granulins, a novel class of peptides from leukocytes", Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 173:1161-1168.

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