Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Enzyme component of specific activity or source
Reexamination Certificate
1999-03-31
2001-03-20
Fries, Kery A. (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Enzyme component of specific activity or source
C510S224000, C510S226000, C510S370000, C510S323000, C510S334000, C510S349000, C510S360000, C510S441000, C510S473000, C510S497000, C510S499000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06204236
ABSTRACT:
DESCRIPTION
The present invention concerns new enzyme granulates which contain an organic disulfide compound, a method for the production of the new enzyme granulates as well as their use in detergent, cleanser, bleach and dishwasher compositions.
In many detergent and cleanser compositions, for example, for cleaning textiles or dishes, enzymes are used to increase detergent or cleaning effectiveness. Usually the enzymes used are proteases, lipases, amylases or cellulases; the enzymes can here be used as individual enzymes or as enzyme mixtures. The enzymes are added to powdered or granular detergent and cleanser formulations in the form of so-called enzyme granulates, which contain the enzyme or enzyme mixture in question together with a filler, binder, and optionally, additional granulation and formulation auxiliaries. Such enzyme granulates are usually prepared by processing an enzyme concentrate with filler and binder, and optionally, the additional granulation and formulation auxiliaries to form a composition which is then granulated. The resulting moist granulate particles are, if desired, rounded, and then dried. Optionally the dried granulate particles are then coated with a protective lacquer and they can then be used in powdered or granulated detergent and cleanser formulations.
The problem therefore consisted in making available new enzyme granulates which contain, besides the usual granulate components, an additional formulation component which has an advantageous effect on the properties of the enzyme granulate itself and also in the application formulations; the prepared enzyme granulates should be particularly suitable for use in powdered or granulated detergent and cleanser formulations, preferably in dishwasher formulations.
Enzyme granulates have now been found which present the required properties, and which are indicated in the claims
1
-
12
. The object of the invention therefore is an enzyme granulate consisting of a core, which contains at least one enzyme and, in addition, water-soluble and/or water-insoluble fillers, binders, humectants as well as, optionally, additional granulation or formulation auxiliaries and, optionally, enzyme stabilizers, and, optionally, of one or more protective layers which surround the core, where the enzyme granulate is characterized in that the core contains an organic disulfide compound (R
1
—S—S—R
2
), preferably the free amino acid cystine, which can, optionally, be in the form of a cystine/cysteine mixture.
An advantageous enzyme granulate of the invention is characterized in that the content of organic disulfide compound in the core, preferably the amino acid cystine, is up to 20 wt % with respect to the enzyme granulate as 100 wt % (dry weight without humidity). Preferably, the content of organic disulfide compound, in the enzyme granulate in the core, particularly the amino acid cystine, is up to 15 wt % with respect to the enzyme granulate as 100 wt % (dry weight without humidity).
In an advantageous enzyme granulate according to the invention the core in particular, the following composition, with respect to the enzyme granulate as 100 wt % (dry weight without humidity): 0.8-20 wt % of enzyme or enzyme mixture (enzyme protein content), 40-90 wt % of water-soluble and/or water-insoluble fillers, 5-15 wt % of binders, 0.2-5 wt % humectants, 3-20 wt % of organic disulfide compound, preferably the amino acid cystine, and, optionally, up to 10 wt % of additional standard granulation or formulation auxiliaries and, optionally, up to 5 wt % of enzyme stabilizers.
In a preferred embodiment of the enzyme granulate according to the invention, the core has a content, with respect to the enzyme granulate as 100 wt % (dry weight without humidity) of 1-10 wt % enzyme or enzyme mixture (enzyme protein content), 60-85 wt % water-soluble and/or water-insoluble fillers, 10-15 wt % binders, 0.2-2 wt % humectants, 5-15 wt % of an organic disulfide compound, preferably the amino acid cystine, and optionally, up to 10 wt % of additional standard granulation or formulation auxiliaries, and optionally, up to 5 wt % of enzyme stabilizers.
The enzyme granulates according to the invention are characterized by their advantageous content of the organic disulfide compound R
1
—S—S—R
2
. The disulfide group —S—S— can here bear organic residues R
1
and R
2
, where these residues, particularly alkyl residues, can be identical or different or they can combine with the disulfide group —S—S— to form a ring, and where, optionally, these residues, particularly alkyl residues, can also be substituted with amino groups, carboxy groups (in acid form or in salt form, particularly with alkali metals) or hydroxy groups. Examples of residues R
1
and R
2
are, for example, the 2-hydroxyethyl residue, the 1-carboxy-2-hydroxyethan-2-yl residue and the 1-carboxy-2-aminopropan-3-yl residue, and R
1
and R
2
together for R
1
—S—S—R
2
as a ring, the 2,3-butanediol-1,4-diyl residue. Suitable organic disulfide compounds thus are, for example, 2,2′-dithiodiethanol, 2,2′-dithiodiglycolic acid and, in particular 3,3′-dithiobis(2-aminopropionic acid), also the amino acid cystine, as well as the cyclic disulfide of 1,4-dimercapto-2,3-butanediol (dithiothreitol, dithioerythritol), where the cyclic dimer can, optionally, also be in the form of a mixture with the open dimer and/or the monomer for 1,4-dimercapto-2,3-butanediol. The content of the preferred amino acid cystine here can also be in the form of a cystine/cysteine mixture, because cysteine (HS—CH
2
—CH (NH
2
)—COOH, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid) is readily oxidized to cystine in a neutral or alkaline aqueous solution. The weight ratio of cystine to cysteine here can vary in this variant of the invention in a broad range, in particular, within the context of the invention, in the range from 90:1 to 1:1. The preceding weight ratio applies, by analogy, to mixtures of the cyclic disulfide of 1,4-dimercapto-2,3-butanediol with the open dimer or monomer.
The enzyme granulate according to the invention can contain water-insoluble or water-soluble fillers, which in themselves are standard, either alone or in the usual mixtures with each other. The water-insoluble filler is here selected in particular from the group of cellulose, zeolith or silicate, for example, layered silicate, grain flour, legume or malvaceae flour and/or starch.
The water-insoluble filler mixture contained in advantageous enzyme granulates according to the invention consists of a mixture of cellulose and at least one zeolith or silicate, particularly layered silicate, where, in a preferred embodiment, grain flour and/or starch constitute, optionally, additional components of the water-insoluble filler mixture. Grain flour and starch can here be either used alone or in a mixture with each other. As grain flours it is possible to use any of the flours which in themselves are known, made of wheat, rye, barley, oats, rice or corn. It is preferred to use wheat flour. In an additional preferred variant of the invention, legume or malvaceae flours are used as water-insoluble fillers or as components of water-insoluble filler mixtures. The source of the flour for this variant of the invention consists of legume fruits. Legumes are defined as plant foods (pods) that belong to the vegetable fruits. Therefore, sources for legume flours comprise the fruit of legume species such as Pisum (peas), Cajamus (pigeon pea), Cicer (chick-pea); Lens (lentils); Phaseolus (beans), Vigna (cowpeas), Dolchius Chyacinth beans, Cassavalia sword beans, Vicia (horsebeans or vetch); Peluschken [translation unknown]; Arachis (peanuts); lupines; alfalfa; soybeans as well as lima beans and optionally other pods and also malvaceae fruit (for example, the genus Gossipium, cotton). It is particularly preferred to use peas and particularly soybeans. Legume flours or flours made from the fruit of the family malvaceae are particularly advantageous as the auxiliary for the production of enzyme granulates according to the invention, because, when they are u
Herrmann Hubert A.
Richter Gunther
Spannagl Rolf
Fries Kery A.
Genencor International Inc.
Genencor International Inc.
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