Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Apparatus – Electrolytic
Patent
1989-08-02
1993-11-16
Tung, T.
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Apparatus
Electrolytic
20415312, 435817, 436518, 436531, 436806, G01N 27327
Patent
active
052620352
ABSTRACT:
Enzyme electrodes having a surface coated with a film. The film is formed from materials in which a redox enzyme is covalently bonded to a three dimensional molecular structure. The molecular structure is of the class having multiple redox centers, for example, a crosslinked redox polymer.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4224125 (1980-09-01), Nakamura et al.
patent: 4461691 (1984-07-01), Frank
patent: 4476003 (1984-10-01), Frank et al.
patent: 4524114 (1985-06-01), Samuels et al.
patent: 4545382 (1985-10-01), Higgins et al.
patent: 4619754 (1986-10-01), Niki et al.
patent: 4655885 (1987-04-01), Hill et al.
patent: 4711245 (1987-12-01), Higgins et al.
patent: 4717673 (1988-01-01), Wrighton et al.
patent: 4721601 (1988-01-01), Wrighton et al.
patent: 4764416 (1988-08-01), Ueyama et al.
patent: 4784736 (1988-11-01), Lonsdale et al.
patent: 4894339 (1990-01-01), Hawazato et al.
patent: 4917800 (1990-04-01), Lonsdale et al.
patent: 4968400 (1990-11-01), Shimomura et al.
patent: 5089112 (1992-02-01), Skotheim et al.
Anson et al., J. of the Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 105, No. 15, (1983), pp. 4883-4890.
Anson et al., J. of the Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 105, No. 5, (1983), pp. 1096-1106.
Foulds, et al., Immobilization of Glucose Onidase in Ferrocene-Modified Pyrrole Polymers, Anal. Chem., vol. 60, No. 22, 2473-8 (1988).
Hale, et al., A New Class of Amperometric Biosensor Incorporating a Polymeric Electron-Transfer Mediator, J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 111, No. 9, pp. 3482-3484 (1989).
Foulds, et al., Enzyme Entrapment in Electrically Conducting Polymers, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, vol. 82, pp. 1259-1264 (1986).
Degani, et al., Electrical Communication Between Redox Centers of Glucose Oxidase and Electrodes via Electrostatically and Covalently Bond Redox Polymers, J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 111, pp. 2357-2358 (1989).
Bartlett, et al., Strategies for the Development of Amperometric Enzyme Electrodes, Biosensors, vol. 3, pp. 359-379 (1987/88).
Clark, et al., Electrode Systems for Continuous Monitoring in Cardiovascular Surgery, Ann N.Y. Acad. Sci., vol. 102, pp. 29-45 (1962).
Clark, et al., Long-term Stability of Electroenzymatic Glucose Sensors Implanted in Mice Trans. Am. Soc. Artif. Inten. Organs, vol. 34, pp. 259-265 (1988).
Cass, et al., Ferricinium as an Electron Acceptor for Oxido-Reductases, J. Electroanal. Chem., vol. 190, pp. 117-127 (1985).
Albery, et al., Amperometric Enzyme Electrodes, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., vol. B 316, pp. 107-119 (1987).
Scheller, et al., Enzyme Electrodes and Their Application, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond, vol. B 316, pp. 85-94 (1987).
Pollak, et al., Enzyme Immobilization by Condensation Copolymerization into Cross-Linked Polyacrylamide Gels, J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 102, No. 20, pp. 6324-6336 (1980).
Castner, et al. Mass Transport and Reaction Kinetic Parameters Determined Electrochemically for Immobilized Glucose Oxidase, Biochemistry, vol. 23, No. 10, pp. 2203-2210 (1984).
Gregg et al., "Cross-Linked Redox Gels Containing Glucose Oxidase for Amperometric Biosensor Applications", 1990, pp. 258-263.
Coughlan, "Concepts and Approahces to the Understanding of Electron Transfer Processes in Enzymes Containing Multiple Redox Centers", 1980, Chapter 5, Molybdenum-Containing Enzymes, pp. 187-220.
Bartlett, et al., "Covalent Binding of Electron Relays to Glucose Oxidase," J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., pp. 1693-2004 (1987).
Umana, U.S. Army Research Office Report No. ARO 23106.3-LS entitled "Protein-Modified Electrochemically Active Biomaterial Surface", dated Dec. 1988.
Samuels et al., "An Electrode-Supported Oxidation Catalyst Based on Ruthenium(IV). pH `Encapsulation` in a Polymer Film," J. Am. Chem Soc., vol. 103, pp. 307-312 (1981).
Denisevich et al., "Unidirectional Current Flow and Charge State Trapping at Redox Polymer Interfaces on Bilayer Electrodes: Principles, Experimental Demonstration, and Theory," J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 103, pp. 4727-4737 (1981).
Abruna et al., "Rectifying Interfaces Using Two-Layer Films of Electrochemically Polymerized Vinylpyridine and Vinylbipyridine Complexes of Ruthenium and Iron on Electrodes," J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 103, pp. 1-5 (1981).
Ellis et al., "Selectivity and Directed Charge Transfer Through an Electroactive Metallopolymer Film," J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 103, pp. 7480-7483 (1981).
Degani, Y. and Heller, A., "Direct Electrical Communication Between Chemically Modified Enzymes and Metal Electrodes. 1. Electron Transfer from Glucose Oxidase to Metal Electrodes via Electron Relays, Bound Covalently to the Enzyme," Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol. 91, pp. 1285-1289 (1987).
Degani, Y. and Heller, A., "Direct Electrical Communication Between Chemically Modified Enzymes and Metal Electrodes. 2. Methods for Bonding Electron-Transfer Relays to Glucose Oxidase and D-Amino-Acid Oxidase," JACS, vol. 110, pp. 2615-2620 (1988).
Gregg Brian A.
Heller Adam
E. Heller and Company
Tung T.
LandOfFree
Enzyme electrodes does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Enzyme electrodes, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Enzyme electrodes will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-19983