Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds – Compound or reaction product mixture
Reexamination Certificate
1999-07-13
2001-04-03
Howard, Jacqueline V. (Department: 1764)
Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
Compound or reaction product mixture
C435S041000, C435S183000, C560S217000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06211422
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns enzyme catalysis in carbon dioxide fluids, particularly liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide fluids.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Carbon dioxide provides an environmentally friendly solvent system for many reactions. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,739,223 to DeSimone describes methods of making fluoropolymers in carbon dioxide systems, U.S. Pat. No. 5,618,894 to DeSimone et al. describes nonaqueous polymerizations of fluoromonomers in carbon dioxide systems, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,679,737 to DeSimone et al. describes heterogeneous polymerizations in carbon dioxide systems.
Unfortunately, carbon dioxide has not provided a useful solvent system for enzyme catalysis. The pH of liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide is typically in the range of 4 to 5, which denatures most proteins or peptides. Hence, it would be extremely desirable to have a means for carrying out enzyme catalysis in liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In view of the foregoing, a first aspect of the present invention is a method for the enzymatic production of a desired product in a liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide fluid. The method comprises: (a) providing a reaction mixture comprising at least one reaction substrate and a crosslinked enzyme crystal catalyst in a liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide fluid; and (b) reacting said substrate with said crosslinked enzyme crystal catalyst in said carbon dioxide fluid to produce said product. The reacting step is typically followed by the step of (c) separating the product from said reaction mixture.
A second aspect of the present invention is a mixture useful for the enzymatic production of a desired product in carbon dioxide fluid, said mixture comprising:
(a) at least one reaction substrate;
(b) a crosslinked enzyme crystal catalyst (that catalyzes the production of a desired product from said reaction substrate);
(c) liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide fluid; and
(d) optionally, a cosolvent.
A third aspect of the present invention is a mixture comprising the product of the foregoing method, the mixture comprising:
(a) at least one reaction product;
(b) a crosslinked enzyme crystal catalyst (that catalyzes the production of said product from a corresponding reaction substrate);
(c) liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide fluid; and
(d) optionally, a cosolvent.
The foregoing and other objects and aspects of the invention are described in greater detail in the drawings herein and the specification set forth below.
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Carbonell Ruben G.
Crette Stephanie A.
DeSimone Joseph M.
Kendall Jonathan L.
Howard Jacqueline V.
Myers Bigel Sibley & Sajovec P.A.
North Carolina State University
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