Enhancement of esophageal speech by injection noise rejection

Details Enhancement of esophageal speech by injection noise rejection Enhancement of esophageal speech by injection noise rejection

1996-12-24

1999-03-30

Hudspeth, David R.

Data processing: speech signal processing, linguistics, language

Speech signal processing

For storage or transmission

704256, 704203, 704204, 606204, G10L 302

Patent

active

058901116

ABSTRACT:
Injection noise and silence are detected in an input speech signal and an external amplifier is switched on or off based on the detected injection noise or silence. The input speech signal is digitized and a first copy of the digitized signal is preemphasized. After the input speech signal is preemphasized, a predetermined number of Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and difference cepstra are calculated for each window of the speech signal. A measure of signal energy and a measure of the rate of change of the signal energy is computed. A second copy of the digitized input speech signal is processed using amplitude summation or by differencing a center-clipped signal. The measures of signal energy, rate of change of the signal energy, the Mel coefficients, difference cepstra, and either the amplitude summation value or the differenced value are combined to form an observation vector. Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based decoding is used on the observation vector to detect the occurrence of injection noise or silence. A gain switch on an external speech amplifier is turned on after an occurrence of injection noise and remains on for the duration of speech and the amplifier is turned off when an occurrence of silence is detected.

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