Internal-combustion engines – Rotary reciprocating piston
Patent
1983-05-18
1985-11-19
Koczo, Michael
Internal-combustion engines
Rotary reciprocating piston
92 31, F02B 7528
Patent
active
045535060
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a machine with an inside space (working chamber) which periodically changes its volume and more particularly refers to a machine that is mainly used as a power engine, as pump for liquids and gases or as a compressor for gases.
Such machines commonly use for their operation the stroke movement of a cylindrical piston in a cylindrical hole. The linear motion of the piston is converted to the rotating motion needed for most purpose with a mechanism consisting of a connecting rod and crankshaft. The motion of additional parts (valves) is needed to open and close the working chamber for the inlet and outlet of the operating fluid. A separate mechanism is required for this purpose.
The advantage of such constructions is mainly that the cylindrical working chamber can be sealed easily and efficiently. Furthermore these machines have been built for decades and reached a high degree of sophistication through a process of continual improvement.
Their most notable disadvantages are:
1. The mechanism for the motion of the valves impedes (on account of its inertia) the quick inlet and outlet of the working medium and moreover is complicated, expensive and delicate.
2. The time-law for the change of the volume in the working chamber is not the best one either for diminishing the accelerating forces, nor for increasing the efficiency of the machine, but it cannot be changed since it is imposed on account of the kinetic principle of the crankshaft.
3. During the conversion of the linear movement to the rotational movement strong oblique forces appear on the piston that cause great friction losses and wear.
4. The length of the stroke of the piston remains constant and subsequently the power of the engine, at constant rotational speed. Therefore a supplementary gear box is needed for most applications.
Numerous attempts to escape from these disadvantages have been undertaken and are being continuously carried out, but they are confronted with other difficulties like problems of construction, sealing and wear; or they cause reduction of efficiency.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The aim of this invention is the construction of a machine which with the greatest possible simplicity fulfils the function of a piston engine without the disadvantages of the known types.
I have found that the above object may be accomplished by giving to the cylinder wall and/or cylinder top a rotating motion around its own axis. This motion is used to regulate the inlet and outlet to the chamber. Connecting opening or openings (muzzles) on the cylinder wall and/or cylinder top meet (during the rotation) on the facing stationary part of the engine:
(a) Channels for the inlet or outlet of the working fluid (the chamber is open, depending on the direction of the piston's movement, outlet succeeds intake) or
(b) the closed wall (the chamber is closed, depending on the piston's movement, there is compression or expansion) or
(c) devices for an additional inlet of a fluid (e.g. injection jet) or ignition (e.g. spark plug).
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 depicts cross-sectional elevational views, wherein the upper row shows the different positions of the connecting opening and the lower row shows the corresponding positions of the piston in a four stroke engine in accordance with the present invention. In position (a), the muzzle is lined up with the inlet channel, the piston's movement causes an increase of the chamber's volume and is allowed to stream in. In position (b), the closed wall of the immobile outer part of the engine is in front of the connecting opening, the chamber is shut, the piston's movement causes compression. In position (c), the piston reaches its highest point, the muzzle is in front of the spark plug, ignition takes place. In position (d), the chamber is closed, expansion occurs. In position (e) the gas flows out;
FIGS. 2a and 2b show in cross-section an internal-combustion engine with four chambers in a common cylinder which at the same time is the axle of the mac
REFERENCES:
patent: 1513302 (1924-10-01), Wahlstrom
patent: 3477345 (1969-11-01), Johnson
patent: 4136647 (1979-01-01), Stoler
patent: 4180028 (1979-12-01), Richter
Koczo Michael
McGlew, Jr. John
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