Gas separation: processes – Compressing and indirect cooling of gaseous fluid mixture to... – And solid sorption
Patent
1996-05-17
1998-06-02
Spitzer, Robert
Gas separation: processes
Compressing and indirect cooling of gaseous fluid mixture to...
And solid sorption
95115, 95143, 95901, 96122, 96128, 96130, 96146, B01D 5304
Patent
active
057592365
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention regards an energy-saving process for separating organic compounds from gases, wherein the gases to be treated are passed in at least one adsorber over a sorbent.
As described in German patent application . . . (P 42 16 867.8) and the equivalent European patent application having filing number 93 10 7797.8, organic compounds can be separated from gases by means of a sorbent comprising particulate activated carbon in an oxidic carrier. The organic compounds can be desorbed from the charged sorbent, for instance, by passing therethrough a regeneration gas under heating.
The publication "Staub Reinhaltung der Luft, Vol. 46 (1986), February, No. 2 (Dusseldorf, Germany)", describes an adsorption process for recovering organic compounds from waste gases. The waste gases which contain organic impurities are passed over an adsorber containing activated carbon, whereby the organic compounds are adsorbed by the activated carbon. The purified waste gases are then discharged into the environment. The activated carbon is regenerated by passing a regeneration gas (water vapor or a hot inert gas) through the activated carbon. The organic compounds are subsequently recovered by cooling the regeneration gas. The heat exchanger which is used for heating the regeneration gas before the gas is supplied to the adsorber, and the heat exchanger which is used for cooling the regeneration gas after the gas has left the adsorber are interconnected via a heat pump.
It is the object of the present invention to provide a process for separating organic compounds from gases, which process can be performed in an especially energy-saving manner. This object is achieved according to the invention with a process for separating organic compounds from gases, the gases to be treated being passed in at least one adsorber (16, 19) over a sorbent, wherein the sorbent is charged with organic compounds and the gas freed from the organic compounds can be discharged into the environment, and the charged sorbent is regenerated by passing therethrough a heated regeneration gas, the regeneration gas charged with desorbate being cooled, so that organic compounds condense and can be separated, heating of the regeneration gas prior to passing the gas through the sorbent as well as cooling of the regeneration gas charged with desorbate being carried out at least partially by heat exchangers (20, 21) connected by a heat pump (26, 27, 28, 29), characterized in that the sorbent comprises particulate activated carbon in an oxidic carrier.
In case water is present in the gas to be treated, it can also be separated.
Preferred sorbents comprise activated carbon and a carrier based on silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum phosphate or aluminosilicate.
The regeneration gas is preferably circulated.
Hence, the invention is seen in the features that the above-mentioned special sorbent is used and that both heating of the regeneration gas and cooling of the regeneration gas are carried out at least partially by a heat pump. The principle of a heat pump is known: A heat pump medium (such as NH.sub.3, low-boiling hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons) is compressed in a pump (compressor). The heated operating medium serves to heat the regeneration gas in a heat exchanger. The operating medium of the heat pump which has cooled down during heat exchange is expanded via a throttle, whereby it is cooled even further. The coolant cooled in this manner is contacted in a heat exchanger for cooling the regeneration gas charged with the desorbate from the adsorber to be regenerated. The operating medium is heated and further compressed in the pump (compressor). It is thus heated to an even stronger degree, flows again through the heat exchanger for the purpose of heating the desorbate-free regeneration gas, it is cooled, expanded via the throttle and cooled further, it then cools the desorbate-charged regeneration gas in the heat exchanger, etc.
The regeneration gas can further be heated with the aid of an external heating system in addition to heating
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Bruck Heinrich Thomas
Hoffmeister Michael
Schmidt Torsten
Vondenhoff Leo
Engelhard Process Chemicals GmbH
Spitzer Robert
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