Prime-mover dynamo plants – Miscellaneous – Drive gearing
Reexamination Certificate
2002-10-21
2004-07-06
Ponomarenko, Nicholas (Department: 2834)
Prime-mover dynamo plants
Miscellaneous
Drive gearing
C123S0460SC
Reexamination Certificate
active
06759755
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to an electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus which is used as, for example a fluid pump.
Fundamental construction of one example of a conventional electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus, which is used as a fluid pump (compressor, vacuum pump), is shown in FIG.
1
. The conventional apparatus comprises: electromagnet
100
, which is consisted of iron core
100
a
and coil
100
b
and repeats magnetization and demagnetization for one cycle of AC current; piston assembly
102
, which includes magnetic material member
102
a
to be drawn by magnetized electromagnet
100
, and front and rear pistons
102
b
,
102
c
disposed before and behind magnetic material member
102
; front and rear cylinders
104
,
106
for supporting front and rear pistons
102
b
,
102
c
of piston assembly
102
; and a compression elastic member, wherein that is compression coil spring
108
, which is compressed by piston assembly
102
moved in a forward direction (movement in a rightward direction in
FIG. 1
) by magnetic action of electromagnet
100
and moves piston assembly
102
in a backward direction (movement in a leftward direction in
FIG. 1
) by elastic force when electromagnet
102
is demagnetized.
In the electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus of this kind, operation efficiency becomes maximum when a vibration system having piston assembly
102
and elastic member (coil spring
108
) is reciprocated in a resonance state.
More specifically, piston assembly
102
is reciprocated in the resonance state and an amplitude of reciprocating movement thereof is maximum when the following equation (1) is satisfied. That is, maximum operation efficiency of the electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus can be obtained.
F
=
1
2
π
Ks
+
Kf
M
(
1
)
where
F: the frequency of the commercial electric power source (the number of pluses of DC power source)
M: the mass of piston assembly
102
Kf: the spring constant of a gas sealed in a sealed space
104
a
formed in front cylinder
104
partitioned by front piston
104
Ks: the spring constant of coil spring
108
compressed by rear piston
102
c
In a case that the electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus is used in different areas in which the commercial AC current have different frequency Fa, Fb (for example, Fa>Fb) to each other, at first, value of the spring constant (Ks+Kfa) of coil spring
108
and a gas in sealed space
104
a
, and the mass (M) of piston assembly
102
are set up in order to satisfy the following equation (2) and then make piston assembly
102
reciprocate in maximum amplitude of vibration in the area of frequency Fa.
Fa
=
1
2
π
Ks
+
Kfa
M
(
2
)
where:
Kfa: the spring constant of a gas in sealed space
104
a
when the frequency is Fa
Then, in a case that the electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus, in which the various values are set as disclosed above, is used in the area of another frequency Fb, the following equation (3) is introduced.
Fb
>
1
2
π
Ks
+
Kfb
M
(
3
)
where:
Kfb: the spring constant of a gas in sealed space
104
a
when the frequency is Fb
From the equation (3), it becomes clear that piston assembly
102
can not reciprocate in the resonance state because either the spring constant (Ks+Kfb) is too small or the mass (M) of piston assembly
102
is too big.
Therefore, in Japan which is divided into two areas having the frequency of 50 Hz and 60 Hz of the commercial electric power sources, in order to make the conventional apparatus of the kind obtain the most preferably resonance state in the different frequency areas, the piston weight and the spring constant of coil spring (the elastic member)
108
are changed. This cause troubles that a manufacturing of various kinds of vibration systems having resonance frequency which are consistent with various kinds of frequency of the commercial electric power sources, and an independent storage of various kinds of vibration systems are needed.
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above situation, and has as its object to provide an electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus which can easily adjust the resonance frequency of a vibration system consisted of the piston assembly and the compression elastic member, etc. without changing the piston weight and the spring constant, and can easily adjust the resonance frequency of the vibration system at a place in which the electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus is used.
The fundamental construction of the electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus
10
of this invention for dissolving the above stated problems is shown in FIG.
2
. This electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus
10
comprises: electromagnet
12
which is consisted of iron core
12
a
and coil
12
b
and repeats magnetization and demagnetization for one cycle of AC current or for one pulse of DC current; piston assembly
14
which includes magnetic material member
14
a
to be drawn by magnetized electromagnet
12
, and front and rear pistons
14
b
,
14
c
disposed before and behind magnetic material member
14
a
; frond and rear cylinders
16
,
18
for supporting front and rear pistons
14
b
,
14
c
; and a compression elastic member, wherein that is compression coil spring
20
, which is compressed by piston assembly
14
moved in a forward direction (movement in a rightward direction in
FIG. 2
) by magnetic action of electromagnet
12
and moves piston assembly
14
in a backward direction (movement in a leftward direction in
FIG. 2
) by elastic force when electromagnet
12
is demagnetized. An air hole
21
is mounted on rear cylinder
18
to communicate a sealed space partitioned in rear cylinder
18
by rear piston
14
c
of piston assembly
14
with the outside of rear cylinder
18
, and valve means
22
is mounted on air hole
21
to adjust a resonance frequency of the vibration system having piston assembly
14
and compression coil spring
20
.
In fluid working chamber
16
a
which is disposed in front cylinder
16
so as to be expanded and reduced its volume by the reciprocal movement of piston assembly
14
, fluid suction valve
16
c
for sucking fluid into fluid working chamber
16
a
in a volume expansion process of fluid working chamber
16
a
, and fluid exhaust valve
16
d
for exhausting fluid from fluid working chamber
16
a
in a volume reduction process are mounted.
In electromagnetically reciprocating apparatus
10
constructed as described above, the adjustment of opening of valve means
22
causes a sympathetic vibration of piston assembly
14
by the different electric power sources having different frequency.
It is preferable that the valve means is formed on an end wall of a housing the inner space of which communicates with the atmosphere, one end of the air hole is open to the sealed space of the rear cylinder and the other end is open at the outer end face of end wall of housing, and the inner space of the housing is open on the outer end face of end wall of housing at a position near to the other end of the air hole. It is also preferable that the valve means comprises a cap-like valve casing hermetically mounted on the outer end face of end wall of housing so as to cause an end face opening of the inner space of the valve casing to cover the other end of the air hole and the opening of the inner space of the housing, and a valve body arranged in the inner space of the valve casing so as to be movable between a closed position where communication between the other end of the air hole and the opening of the inner space of the housing through the inner space of the valve casing is interrupted and an open position where communication between the other end of the air hole and the opening of the inner space of the housing through the inner space of the valve casing is allowed.
The valve means having the structure as described above can be easily assembled in or disassembled from the electromagnetically driven reciprocating apparatus so as to perform repair and inspection.
In the
Clavis Technology AS
Gonzalez Julio C.
Merchant & Gould P.C.
Ponomarenko Nicholas
LandOfFree
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