Heat exchange – Non-communicating coaxial enclosures
Patent
1991-04-12
1992-09-01
Flanigan, Allen J.
Heat exchange
Non-communicating coaxial enclosures
165141, 165155, F28D 710
Patent
active
051431513
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to an end manifold for a heat exchanger.
More particularly, the invention relates to an end manifold for a heat exchanger having coaxially arranged tubes of the type generally shown in Australian Patent No. 510518.
When the heat exchangers of the type noted above are used to heat or cool liquids, particularly viscous liquids, there is a tendency for regions of zero flow to develop. Typically, the viscous material tends to accumulate at points which are diametrically opposite to the port through which the viscous material leaves the end manifold. When the viscous material is being heated, the stagnated viscous material can be overheated and burnt. This can cause contamination of other viscous material flowing through the heat exchanger. The burnt material is also difficult to clean. When the heat exchanger is being used to cool liquids, there is a tendency for the stagnant material to over-cool or freeze which is also undesirable. Further, regions of zero flow are very undesirable during cleaning operations when a cleaning fluid is circulated through the heat exchanger because effective cleaning cannot take place in those regions.
An object of the present invention is to provide a new form of end manifold which substantially avoids regions of zero flow.
According to the present invention there is provided a manifold for a concentric tube heat exchanger, said manifold including first and second sealing elements which form seals in use with first and second tubes between which is defined a first flow path for a viscous fluid, said manifold including a first port which communicates, in use, with the first flow path, said manifold further including flow directing means for directing flow of viscous fluid in use toward said port.
Preferably, said flow directing means comprises a shoulder which is oblique relative to the axes of the tubes and which directs the viscous material towards the port.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of an end manifold constructed in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the end manifold;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger incorporating the manifold of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view in part section;
FIG. 5 is a view along the line 5--5;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along the line 6--6;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view along the line 7--7;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view along the line 8--8; and
FIG. 9 is a side view of a modified manifold.
The end manifold 2 illustrated in FIG. 1 is preferably cast from stainless steel. A pair of the manifolds 2 are used in conjunction with a plurality of concentrically disposed heat exchanger tubes 4, 6, 8 and 10 to form a heat exchanger for heating or cooling fluids. A long tension bolt (not shown) passes through a central bore 12 in the manifold 2, the tension bolt serving to clamp the heat transfer tubes between the two end manifolds. The overall arrangement is similar to that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,146,088.
As shown in FIG. 3, a viscous fluid flow path 14 is located in the annular space between the tubes 6 and 8. An inner jacket 16 is located in the annular space between the tubes 4 and 6 and an outer jacket 18 is located in the annular space between the tubes 8 and 10. Normally steam under pressure is circulated through the inner and outer jackets in order to heat the material in the flow path 14. Pairs of O-rings 20, 22, and 26 are provided to form a seal between the manifold 2 and the inner surfaces of the tubes 4, 6 and 10 respectively. An O-ring 24 is provided to form a seal between the end manifold 2 and the inner surface of the tube 8 and an elliptical O-ring 44 also seals against the inner surface of the tube 8, as will be described hereinafter. Except for the O-ring 44, the O-rings extend in circumferential grooves provided in the body of the manifold 2. The flow path 14 communicates with an inlet/outlet passage 28 via a port 30, as best seen in FIGS. 1 an
REFERENCES:
patent: 3209819 (1965-10-01), LeClercq
patent: 3561417 (1971-02-01), Downey
patent: 4146088 (1979-03-01), Pain
patent: 4448243 (1984-05-01), Pain
Flanigan Allen J.
Heat Transfer Pty. Ltd.
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