Compositions – Preservative agents – Anti-corrosion
Patent
1994-02-09
1997-12-23
Wu, Shean C.
Compositions
Preservative agents
Anti-corrosion
426654, 4272133, 42840224, 521 65, B01J 1300, A23L 1035, B01F 1700
Patent
active
057003971
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/JP93/00793, filed Jun. 14, 1993.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an emulsifier having good emulsifying and emulsion-stabilizing properties, an emulsion composition containing the same, and a powder composition produced by powdering the emulsion composition.
BACKGROUND ART
In general, emulsifiers are roughly classified into monomolecular emulsifiers and polymer emulsifiers. The monomolecular emulsifiers are the so-called "surfactants" and include fatty acid soaps, glycerin esters, and sugar esters. These emulsifiers are used in the form of a proper mixture of two or more of them depending upon application to produce various emulsion compositions, for example, emulsion flavors, dressings, and creams such as coffee creams. In general, however, these monomolecular emulsifiers had problems such as a high susceptibility to a change in pH and loss of the emulsifying property by addition of salts and a change in concentration attributable to dilution.
The polymer emulsifiers include gums including gum arabic, naturally occurring emulsifiers such as casein, and synthetic emulsifiers such as salts of acrylic acid and polyvinyl alcohol. These polymer emulsifiers are used in the production of emulsion compositions such as emulsion flavors or powder compositions such as powder fats and oils and powder flavors. The powder composition is produced by emulsifying an oil, a lipophilic flavor or the like, and an aqueous component with a polymer emulsifier and then subjecting the emulsion to spray drying or the like. In this case, the powder composition is often in the form of a microcapsule.
Gum arabic, dextrin, chemically modified starch, etc. are generally used as the polymer emulsifier. In particular, gum arabic is used widely in the field of powder compositions, such as powder fats and oils and powder flavors, by virtue of its excellent emulsifying property and film-forming property. Gum arabic is produced by refining exudates of trees, dextrin is produced by reducing the molecular weight of starch, and chemically modified starch is a starch derivative produced by chemically modifying starch.
There are various microencapsulation methods. Among them, the complex coacervation method is the method most commonly used in industry and utilized in microencapsulation in the field of pressure-sensitive copying paper including noncarbon paper, agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, etc. The complex coacervation method is a technique where two dilute aqueous solutions, i.e., a dilute aqueous solution of a polycation colloid and a dilute aqueous solution of a polyanion colloid, are mixed with each other to cause a phase separation into a colloid-rich phase and a colloid-lean phase by electrical interaction. The colloid-rich phase is utilized as a film for encapsulation.
Examples of the polycation colloid used in the complex coacervation method include proteins such as gelatin, gelatin derivatives, albumin, casein, hemoglobin, and soluble collagen. On the other hand, examples of the polyanion colloid include gum arabic, sodium alginate, carageenan, tragacanth gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, agar, polyvinylbenzenesulfonic acid, polyvinyl methyl ether/maleic anhydride copolymers and surfactants.
Naturally occurring substances which are polymer emulsifiers and serve as polyanion colloids, such as gum arabic, have the following large problems. Specifically, in order to provide a stable emulsion, it is necessary for them to be used in a high concentration. Further, the supply thereof is susceptible to weather of production countries, so that the price fluctuation is large. Further, the variation in quality is also high. For this reason, in recent years, naturally occurring polymer emulsifiers which can be stably supplied have been desired in the art. It is noted that synthetic polymer emulsifiers, such as polyacrylates and polyvinyl alcohol, are used in limited applications because they have problems of emulsifying property and the like. On the other hand, dextrin and chemically modi
REFERENCES:
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"Polysaccharides of Soybean Seeds--Part III--1,4-Linked Galacto-di- and Trisaccharides from Partial Acid Hydrolysate of the `Hot-Water-Extract` Fraction of Soybean Seed Polysaccharides," Morita, Makio, et al., Agr. Biol. Chem., vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 314-318, 1967.
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"Non-Starch Polysaccharides of Seeds of Soybean," Ravindran, G., J. Natn. Sci. Coun. Sri Lanka, vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 223-228, 1988.
Furuta Hitoshi
Kurita Hiroko
Maeda Hirokazu
Sato Yoko
Takahashi Taro
Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.
Wu Shean C.
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