Prosthesis (i.e. – artificial body members) – parts thereof – or ai – Implantable prosthesis
Patent
1986-07-07
1988-06-21
Apley, Richard J.
Prosthesis (i.e., artificial body members), parts thereof, or ai
Implantable prosthesis
623 66, 623 16, 427 2, A61F 202
Patent
active
047522941
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an element for controlled growth of tissue into surgically intervened areas, e.g. for passages through skin or mucous membrane. An element may be concerned which is used for attaching a prosthesis in the body or which forms per se such a prosthesis. In a modified embodiment, the element can also be utilized for controlled regeneration of supporting tissue around teeth, which has been lost.
When an element is to be incorporated into a tissue or is to be implanted in such a way that it must pass through several tissues as the case is inter alia when a passage has to be made through the skin or through a mucous membrane, it is required that the element is biocompatible, i.e. the element must be accepted by the tissue, and the problem arises to provide a safe retension of the element in the surrounding tissue so that the element will not be dislocated mechanically. An unsatisfactory biocompatibility as well as an insufficient retension causes irritation of the tissues and possible tissue rupture as a consequence thereof in connection with the element. This means that reactive zones of connective tissue with a more or less significant strain of inflammation are formed, which results in the element no longer being maintained harmonically incorporated into the tissue region. The element starts to drift and to lose its function. As far as passages through skin or mucous tissue are concerned, the tissue irritation moreover results in epithelium growing down around the element with repellation as the final consequence thereof. When lost supporting tissue is regenerated around teeth, it is moreover necessary to control in a specific order the growth of the specific tissues which form attachment for the tooth, into the element.
In order to solve these problems the element of the invention has obtained the characteristics appearing from claim 1.
In order to explain the invention in more detail reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view illustrating an implanted element which extends through the outer skin, and
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view illustrating a modified element for regeneration of lost supporting tissue around teeth.
In FIG. 1, an implanted element 10 of the invention is shown, which extends through the outer skin the outermost cellular layer, the epithelium, of which is shown at 11.
In the embodiment shown herein, the element is tubular and can comprise e.g. an implanted conduit for performing peritoneal dialysis. The conduit can be rigid or flexible. It forms a number of cavities 12 which are defined towards the passage 13 through the element by a solid wall 14. Towards the outside surface of the element the cavities are defined by a perforated wall 15 the perforations of which are indicated at 15 and comprise circular openings as well as circumferential slots. The connective tissue which is indicated at 17, grows into the cavities 12, matures and attains a structural organization which prevents the epithelium 11 from growing downwards along the surface of the element and from infiltrating the layer of connective tissue adjacent the element and thus preventing the epithelium from enclosing the element 10, which would result in repellation of the element. The growth of the connective tissue into the cavities should be such that the connective tissue inside the cavities will be complete and will be fully matured, i.e. the slots 16 should be sufficiently large so as to allow the cells of the connective tissue as well as the blood vessels necessary for the supply to the connective tissue, to grow into the cavities and thus to create such conditions that the cells of the connective tissue can produce fibers of such tissue and matrix and that the components of the connective tissue can mature and be renewed in a normal way.
Taking these conditions into consideration, it is proposed according to the invention to arrange the openings 16 with a minimum dimension of 30 .mu.m. The depth of the cavities 12, i.e. the distance between
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Apley Richard J.
Cannon Alan W.
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