Dentistry – Prosthodontics – Holding or positioning denture in mouth
Patent
1989-03-21
1991-11-12
Wilson, John J.
Dentistry
Prosthodontics
Holding or positioning denture in mouth
433213, A61C 800
Patent
active
050643746
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a prefabricated construction element for an implant-fixed prosthesis, i.e. a prosthesis which is partially implanted in body tissue, preferably bone tissue, the anchoring element implanted in the body tissue preferably having such properties that said element when positioned in the tissue intimately connects thereto or will be incorporated therein and with good margin can stand the loads that may be actualized without fractioning or loosing from the surrounding tissue.
It is previously known to permanently anchor e.g. tooth prosthesis (crowns, bridges, removable prosthesis) in jaw bone tissue. A method that has turned out to give a good anchorage stability and also shows a convincing documentation of permanent anchorage is the so-called osseo integration method developed by professor Per-Ingvar Br.ang.nemark and collaborators in Gothenburg. However, the construction element according to the present invention is intended for use not only with tooth prosthesis but also with prosthesis of other kinds and independently of the implantation system used. The background of the invention nevertheless will be described in connection with tooth prostheses (bridge constructions) which are implanted by applying said osseo integration method.
When applying this method an anchorage element, termed fixture, is implanted in the jaw bone. The fixture comprises a hollow titanium cylinder the outer and inner curved surfaces are provided with threads. It is positioned in such a way that the upper end surface thereof will be at the same level as the surface of the jaw bone. This first operation is followed by an unloaded healing step of critical length, during which the fixture (having the central aperture temporarily blocked by a covering screw) becomes covered by intact mucous membrane. During this healing step the bone tissue by growth will adhere to and form a unit with the implanted fixture. During a second operation the upper end surface of the fixture will be exposed and a spacer of titanium will be screwed into the center aperture thereof.
The continued procedure according to conventional technique comprises the step of securing an impression cap or impression top of steel on top of the spacer by means of a screw which is screwed into a threaded aperture in the screw by means of which the spacer has been secured to the fixture. Impression compound is applied in an impression spoon over the impression top (impression tops). When the compound has set, the impression caps fixed in the impression compound are unscrewed from the spacers. Dummies, having end surfaces of corresponding to having end surfaces of the spacers, are screwed onto the impression caps and are embedded into gypsum the impression block can then be removed by unscrewing the impression caps from the spacer dummies. The dental technician who makes the prosthesis (the bridge structure) uses the gypsum model so that the prosthesis will match the spacers screwed onto the jaw fixtures, attaches so-called no-ox-caps (of specially alloyed gold which does not oxidize) to the spacer dummies and produces a bridge body of wax (reinforced by means of a supporting plastic plate) on the no-ox-caps. This wax model of the bridge body, a so-called bite templet, is tested in the mouth of the patient with the caps being screwed onto the spacers. By this procedure it is possible not only to check the accuracy of the impression but also to determine the height of the bite and the shape of the tooth curvature. When the bite templet has been returned to the gypsum model this model is matched to a model of the opposite jaw the two models then being mounted in a so-called articulator. In the bite templet teeth of plastic material (acrylate) are attached exactly matched to the teeth of the opposite jaw. When the templet with the teeth thereof has been tested in the mouth of the patient, the tested teeth set is returned to the gypsum model in the articulator. The position of the teeth is then fixed by pre-moulding in soft plastic material allowing the teeth
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patent: 4741698 (1988-05-01), Andrews
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Nobelpharma AB
Wilson John J.
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