Radiation imagery chemistry: process – composition – or product th – Electric or magnetic imagery – e.g. – xerography,... – Post imaging process – finishing – or perfecting composition...
Patent
1993-07-20
1994-08-16
Martin, Roland
Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product th
Electric or magnetic imagery, e.g., xerography,...
Post imaging process, finishing, or perfecting composition...
G03G 9097
Patent
active
053386396
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to novel electrostatic toners containing a polymeric binder and, as a charge stabilizer, a compound of the formula I ##STR2## where Z is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by phenyl or Z is C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, X and Y are identical or different and, independently of one another, are each cyano or a radical of the formula --CO--OR.sup.1, --CO--NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 or --CO--R.sup.3 where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by phenyl or R.sup.1 is C.sub.5 C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by phenyl or R.sup.3 is C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, or X and Y together form a radical of the formula --CO--L--CO-- or --CO--CH.dbd.C(CH.sub.3)--O--CO--, where n is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene, and cat.sup..sym. is one equivalent of a cation.
Latent electrostatic image recordings are developed by depositing the toner inductively on the electrostatic image. The charge stabilizers stabilize the electrostatic charge of the toner. This makes the image stronger and gives crisper contours.
The charge stabilizers used must meet a wide range of requirements:
Ability to develop the latent electrostatic image into a deep-colored visible image.
Easy distribution in the toner formulation in order to produce a fault-free, uniform image having crisp contours.
Insensitivity to moisture.
High thermal stability.
JP-A-26 058/1986, JP-A-212 851/1986 or JP-A-212 852/1986 disclose electrostatic toners which contain metal salts of .beta.-dicarbonyl compounds as charge stabilizers.
However, we have found that the prior art charge stabilizers frequently fail to meet the requirements completely.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel electrostatic toner which has charge stabilizers which possess advantageous performance characteristics.
We have found that this object is achieved by the electrostatic toners defined at the outset.
If one or both of the radicals X and Y in the formula I have a carbonyl group, the charge stabilizer of the formula I may occur in various tautomeric forms, all of which are embraced by the claim.
The following tautomeric forms are examples: ##STR3##
All alkyl and alkylene groups occurring in the abovementioned formula may be either straight-chain or branched.
If substituted phenyl groups occur in the abovementioned formula I, examples of suitable substituents are C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkoxy. The phenyl groups are as a rule monosubstituted to trisubstituted.
Z,R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 for example methyl ethyl propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tertbutyl.
Z,R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are furthermore, for example, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, 1-ethylpentyl, octyl, isooctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl, isononyl, decyl, isodecyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, isotridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl (the above names isooctyl, isononyl, isodecyl and isotridecyl are trivial names derived from the alcohols obtained in the oxo process; cf. Ullmanns Encyklopadie der technischen Chemie, 4th Edition, Volume 7, pages 215 to 217, and Volume 11, pages 435 and 436), benzyl, 1-or 2-phenylethyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cycloheptyl.
Z and R.sup.3 are furthermore, for example, phenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-methylphenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-ethylphenyl, 2-, 3-or 4-propylphenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-isopropylphenyl, 2-, 3-or 4-butylphenyl, 2-, 3- or 4- ( 2-ethylhexyl ) -phenyl, 2,4-dimethylphenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-methoxyphenyl, 2-, 3-or 4-ethoxyphenyl, 2-, 3-or 4-propoxyphenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-butoxyphenyl, 2-, 3- or 4- ( 2-ethylhexyloxy)-phenyl, 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl or 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl.
L is, for example, --CH.sub.2 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --, --CH--(CH.sub.3)--CH.sub.2 --, --CH(CH.sub.3)--CH
REFERENCES:
patent: 4265990 (1981-05-01), Stolka et al.
patent: 5028508 (1991-07-01), Lane et al.
Organikum, 18th Edition, pp. 479-481, 1990.
Mayer Udo
Schroeder Gunter-Rudolf
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Martin Roland
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