Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Processes and products – Electrostatic field or electrical discharge
Patent
1995-01-23
1996-06-11
Phasge, Arun S.
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Processes and products
Electrostatic field or electrical discharge
205688, 378 73, 378 78, 4351731, 4351732, 4351733, C10M17100, C10M16904
Patent
active
055251986
ABSTRACT:
An electrorheological crystalline mass of a molecule is formed by dispersing the molecule in a dispersion fluid and subjecting the molecule dispersion to a uniform electrical field for a period of time during which time an electrorheological crystalline mass is formed. Molecules that may be used to form an electrorheological crystalline mass include any organic or inorganic molecule which has a permanent dipole and/or which is capable of becoming an induced dipole in the presence of an electric field. The molecules used to form the electrorheological crystalline mass are preferably macromolecules, such as biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipoproteins and viruses.
Molecules are crystallized by a method in which an electric field is maintained for a period of time after the electrorheological crystalline mass has formed during which time at least some of the molecules making up the electrorheological crystalline mass form a crystal lattice.
The three dimensional structure of a molecule is determined by a method in which an electrorheological crystalline mass of the molecule is formed, an x-ray diffraction pattern of the electrorheological crystalline mass is obtained and the three dimensional structure of the molecule is calculated from the x-ray diffraction pattern.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5320770 (1994-06-01), Conway et al.
patent: 5380450 (1995-01-01), Conway et al.
Block et al., "Electro-rheology" review article, 1988, pp. 1661-1677.
T. Chen, R. Zitter, and R. Tao, "Laser Diffraction Determination of the Crystalline Structure of an Electrorheological Fluid", Physical Review Letters vol. 68; Apr. 20, 1992, No. 16, pp. 2555-2558.
T. Halsey and J. Martin, "Electrorheological Fluids", Scientific American (Oct. '93), pp. 58-64.
H. Block and J. Kelly, "Electro-Rheology", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 21, 1988 pp. 1661-1677 no month.
Craig George D.
Rupp Bernhard
Phasge Arun S,.
Sartorio Henry P.
The Regents of the University of California
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