Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems – High energy particle accelerator tube
Patent
1993-12-20
1995-08-08
Yusko, Donald J.
Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
High energy particle accelerator tube
315507, H05H 700
Patent
active
054402115
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to improvements to electron accelerators, and more particularly to electron accelerators having an accelerating cavity defined by a pair of coaxial conductors.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Electron accelerators are generally known, having a resonant cavity supplied by a high-frequency field source commonly called the HF generator, and an electron source capable of injecting these electrons into the cavity. If certain phase and frequency conditions are respected, these electrons are accelerated by the electric field throughout their passage through the cavity.
These are in general machines working in the pulsed regime, and having relatively low beam intensities.
In document WO-A-88/09597 (Atomic Energy Commission), an electron accelerator with recirculation, of novel design, was proposed.
This document describes an electron accelerator which is characterized in that the resonant cavity is a coaxial cavity defined by an outer cylindrical conductor and an inner cylindrical conductor having the same axis. The electron beam is injected into this cavity in the mid plane which is perpendicular to the axis, along a first diameter. An electron deflector makes it possible to deflect the beam once it has passed through the cavity a first time, and reinject it back into the cavity where it undergoes a second acceleration, etc.
The above-described prior art device is also called a "rhodotron" because the electron beam passes through the cavity several times along a trajectory which describes the pattern of the petals of a flower.
The rhodotron has several advantages, namely that its shape is particularly simple and compact. In addition, the principle according to which the device functions makes it possible to obtain an intense and continuous beam, which was not the case with conventional devices working in the pulsed regime.
Furthermore, the rhodotron described is self-focusing due to the fact that the magnetic deflectors, which have input phases in the shape of very wide dihedra, provide suitable focusing of the electron beam. It is consequently not necessary to provide additional focusing elements.
Finally, the electron beam injected in the mid-plane of the rhodotron is not deviated. This is because the beam is not subjected to the magnetic field, which is zero in the mid-plane according to the configuration described in WO-A-88/09597.
However, a rhodotron requires the cavity to be supplied by a high-frequency field source. In particular, in the device described in WO-A-88/09597, an electric field of several hundreds of megahertz is generated by an external high-frequency generator.
High-frequency generators an output power of approximately 200 kW, which can create the requisite electric fields of several hundreds of megahertz, are relatively expensive devices. Such generators essentially use electron tubes of the triode, tetrode or pentode type, and use advanced, therefore expensive, techniques such as metal/ceramic welding, the use of refractory material grids or the use of thoriated tungsten filaments.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,763,079 describes a method for decelerating a particle beam, in which the energy produced by the deceleration of the particles is stored in order to be used for accelerating electrons in another accelerator.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a device which makes it possible to avoid the use of particularly expensive high-frequency generators, whilst retaining the advantages intrinsic to the original arrangement of the electron accelerator of the type described in document WO-A-88/09597.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electron accelerator, comprising: cylindrical conductor, of the same axis, the electron beam being injected in the mid-plane which is perpendicular to the axis, along a first diameter of the outer conductor, emitting an electron beam, this electron beam being decelerated when it passes through the coaxial cavity, making it possible to produce the electroma
REFERENCES:
patent: 4763079 (1988-08-01), Neil
patent: 5107221 (1992-04-01), N'Guyen et al.
Wielund et al, "Status & Future Development of the Wake Field Transformer Experiment," Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, vol. A298, No. 1/3, Jan. 12, 1990.
Ion Beam Applications Societe Anonyme
Patel N. D.
Yusko Donald J.
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