Electrical generator or motor structure – Dynamoelectric – Linear
Patent
1994-01-12
1995-08-08
Stephan, Steven L.
Electrical generator or motor structure
Dynamoelectric
Linear
H02K 4102
Patent
active
054401836
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to electromagnetic apparatus for producing linear motion.
The conventional way of producing linear motion is by using a hydraulic or pneumatic piston and cylinder device or by using a rotational device such as an electric motor with a rotary to linear transformation mechanism. Each solution has its strengths and weaknesses. In recent years a further solution, the dc or ac linear motor, has been used particularly where precise positioning of a movable load is required as a linear motor avoids the need for a rotary to linear transformation mechanism. A disadvantage of the linear motor is that it produces an actuator which is asymmetrical with a strong force imbalance between the armature and the stator in that they are mutually attracted. Further, linear motors have been designed to be placed in a horizontal position, driving the load along tracks or bearings within or alongside of the motor.
The present invention is intended to provide anelectromagnetic apparatus for producing linear motion which must be capable of causing linear motion at angles between the horizontal and the vertical and be totally enclosed without any significant stray magnetic fields.
Preferably, no clamping forces or special straps should be required or the apparatus.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is an electromagnetic device arranged to operate as a piston and cylinder device. Conceptually, the stator of the device can be considered as being the stator of a conventional motor slit along a plane passing through the axis of the armature and unrolled. The uncut ends of the stator are now brought together to produce a tubular stator forming a cylinder. The piston member is provided with ring shaped magnetic portions.
This results in a device which has the following features:
(a) Attitude independent. Whilst generating thrust the actuator is capable of swinging through large angles horizontally and vertically.
(b) Totally-enclosed. The actuator is capable of operating in an unfriendly (oily, wet and/or unclean) environment and there are no significant stray magnetic fields from the actuator in any position of the force rod.
(c) Axially-symmetric. There are no clamping forces or special shapes of the actuator system which make it difficult to operate in any position or rotation of the axial rod. Preferably the thrust rod shall be free to rotate.
(d) Medium-stroke. Strokes from 0.2 meters to 1 meter are easily provided and it is possible to construct a ram with a 3 meter stroke.
(e) Power-efficient. One of the principal advantages is that the ram has a high electrical to mechanical efficiency ratio. Mere generation of adequate thrust without regard to power consumption isunsatisfactory.
(f) Simple and low cost. The operating conditions for the machines which we conceive as the first markets for these actuators are such that reliability has a very high level of importance. The actuator has a minimum number of moving parts and wear components such as sliding seals and bearings.
Further, such a device can be used in the construction of a combined electromagnetic/pneumatic actuator. The pneumatic part of the actuator provides a static force which may be sustained indefinitely with little or no power consumption whilst the electromagnetic part, working simultaneously, is capable of providing extremely fast changes in net actuator force and therefore providing the control and precision which are missing from the pneumatic actuator above.
Depending on the application, the pneumatic part may be replaced by a different compressible fluid. It should be noted that the fluid within the cylinder actuator does not itself need to be compressible providing that it is connected directly to a reservoir filled with air or other compressible gas whose pressure is modified by the movement of the non-compressible liqid, so that the liquid itself appears to be compressible. Alternatively the fluid in the actuator may be constrined by a sprin-loaded piston or other compliant surface of a reservoir.
In order that the
REFERENCES:
patent: 4485974 (1984-12-01), Lass
patent: 4714300 (1987-12-01), Heess et al.
patent: 5166563 (1992-11-01), Bassine
patent: 5175457 (1992-12-01), Vincent
Denne Developments Ltd.
Jones Judson H.
Stephan Steven L.
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