Electrolytic method to make alkali alcoholates using ceramic...

Electrolysis: processes – compositions used therein – and methods – Electrolytic synthesis – Preparing organic compound

Reexamination Certificate

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

C205S251000, C205S452000, C205S453000, C205S454000, C205S457000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07959784

ABSTRACT:
Disclosed are processes of making solutions of metal alcoholates in their corresponding alcohols using an electrolytic process. In one embodiment, sodium methylate in methanol is made from methanol and sodium hydroxide solution. The sodium hydroxide solution is placed in the anolyte compartment and the methanol is placed in the catholyte compartment, and the two compartments are separated by a ceramic membrane that selectively transports sodium under the influence of current. In preferred embodiments, the process is cost-effective and not environmentally harmful.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3197392 (1965-07-01), Silversmith et al.
patent: 3730857 (1973-05-01), Tripp
patent: 3964983 (1976-06-01), Eisenbach et al.
patent: 4217184 (1980-08-01), Kuck et al.
patent: 4250000 (1981-02-01), Kuck et al.
patent: 4857665 (1989-08-01), Hinrichs et al.
patent: 4990413 (1991-02-01), Lee et al.
patent: 5246551 (1993-09-01), Pletcher et al.
patent: 5286354 (1994-02-01), Bard et al.
patent: 5290404 (1994-03-01), Toomey
patent: 5290405 (1994-03-01), Joshi et al.
patent: 5389211 (1995-02-01), Sharifian et al.
patent: 5425856 (1995-06-01), Buckholtz et al.
patent: 5575901 (1996-11-01), Hulme et al.
patent: 5578189 (1996-11-01), Joshi
patent: 5580430 (1996-12-01), Balagopal et al.
patent: 5968326 (1999-10-01), Yelon et al.
patent: 5985388 (1999-11-01), Tomita et al.
patent: 6004445 (1999-12-01), Genders et al.
patent: 6190407 (2001-02-01), Ogle et al.
patent: 6221225 (2001-04-01), Mani
patent: 6333093 (2001-12-01), Burrell et al.
patent: 6398938 (2002-06-01), Merk et al.
patent: 6573205 (2003-06-01), Myers et al.
patent: 6770187 (2004-08-01), Putter et al.
patent: 6805787 (2004-10-01), Bess et al.
patent: 2003/0106805 (2003-06-01), Horn
patent: 2005/0204612 (2005-09-01), Connemann et al.
patent: 2005/0262760 (2005-12-01), Lawson et al.
patent: 2006/0226022 (2006-10-01), Balagopal et al.
patent: 2007/0138020 (2007-06-01), Balagopal et al.
patent: 2007/0158205 (2007-07-01), Balagopal et al.
patent: 2008/0142373 (2008-06-01), Joshi et al.
patent: 2008/0173540 (2008-07-01), Joshi et al.
patent: 2008/0173551 (2008-07-01), Joshi et al.
patent: 2008/0245671 (2008-10-01), Balagopal et al.
patent: 139528 (1980-01-01), None
patent: 3346131 (1985-06-01), None
patent: 3702052 (1988-07-01), None
patent: 19603181 (1997-04-01), None
patent: 10360758 (2005-07-01), None
patent: 0559400 (1993-09-01), None
patent: 0826794 (1998-03-01), None
patent: 37469 (1985-12-01), None
patent: 07196561 (1995-08-01), None
patent: 103535 (1993-06-01), None
patent: WO-9627697 (1996-09-01), None
patent: WO 03/014272 (2003-02-01), None
Alamo, J. “Chemistry and properties of solids with the [NZP] skeleton”,Solid State Ionics, vol. 63-65, (1993), 547-561.
Bentzen, J. J., et al., “The preparation and characterization of dense, highly conductive Na5GdSi4O12nasicon (NGS)”,Materials Research Bulletin, vol. 15, (1980), 1737-1745.
Delmas, C. et al., “Crystal chemistry of the Na1+xZr2−xLx(PO4)3(L=Cr, In, Yb) solid solutions”,Materials Research Bulletin, vol. 16, (1981), 285-290.
Desbois, V. “Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority from PCT application PCT/US/2004/041587”, (Dec. 21, 2005), 1-9.
Fujitsu, S. et al., “Conduction paths in sintered ionic conductive material Na1+xYxZr2−x(PO4)3”,Materials Research Bulletin, vol. 16, (1981), 1299-1309.
Miyajima, Y. et al., “Ionic conductivity of NASICON-type Na1+xMxZr2−xP3O12(M: Yb, Er, Dy)”,Solid State Ionics, vol. 84, (1996), 61-64.
Saito, Y. et al., “Ionic Conductivity of NASICON-type conductors Na1.5M0.5Zr1.5(PO4)3(M: Al3+, Ga3+, Cr3+, Sc3+, Fe3+, In3+, Yb3+, Y3+)”,Solid State Ionics, vol. 58, (1992), 327-331.
Shimazu, K. et al., “Electrical conductivity and Ti4+ion substitution range in NASICON system”,Solid State Ionics, vol. 79, (1995), 106-110.
Van Gerpen, J. et al., “Biodiesel Production Technology”,National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/SR-510-36244, (Jul. 2004), 1-110.
Von Alpen, V. et al., “Compositional dependence of the electrochemical and structural parameters in the NASICON system (Na1+xSixZr2P3−xO12)”,Solid State Ionics, vol. 3/4, (1981), 215-128.
De Jonge, Janos et al., Abstract of HU37469, (Dec. 28, 1985), 1.
Hamann, Carl H., et al., Abstract and claims of DE19603181, (Apr. 17, 1997), 1-2.
Hamann, Carl H., et al., Corresponding abstract DE3346131 (EP0146771), (Jun. 27, 1985), 1.
Horn, Michael Abstract of DE10246375, (May 15, 2003), 1.
Kuhn, Amselm T., et al., Abstract of GB1155927, (Jun. 25, 1969), 1-2.
Lehmann, Thomas et al., Abstract of DE10360758, (Jul. 28, 2005), 1-2.
Oku, Toshio et al., Abstract of JP53011199, (Feb. 1, 1978), 1.
Rooney, K. Abstract and International Search Report for WO03014272, (Nov. 2, 2003) 1-6.
Satou, Hiroshi et al., Abstract of JP59067379, (Apr. 17, 1984), 1.
Cho, Tsurahide et al., Abstract of JP07196561, Patent answer 8 of 19 in enclosed search by Science IP, (Aug. 1, 1995), 8.
Radoi, Ion et al., Abstract of RO103535, Patent answer 10 of 19 in enclosed search by Science IP, (Jun. 15, 1993), 10-11.
Machlitt, Rainer et al., Abstract of DD139528, Patent answer 19 of 19 in enclosed search by Science IP, (Jan. 9, 1980), 14.
“International Search Report”, International Search Report from corresponding PCT application PCT/US2004/041587, Mailed Dec. 21, 2005.
Balagopal, S., et al, “Selective Sodium Removal From Aqueous Waste Streams with NaSICON Ceramics”,Separation and Purification Technology, 15 (1999), 231-237.
Biolot, J.P., et al., “Stoichiometry-Structure-Fast Ion Conduction in the NaSICON Solid Solution”,Solid State Ionics, 28-30 (1988), North-Holland, Amsterdam, 403-410.
Goodenough, J.B., et al., “Fast Na+-Ion Transport in Skeleton Structures”,Mat. Res. Bull., vol. 11, 1976. Pergamon Press, Inc. Printed in the United States, 203-220.
Hamann, et al., “Transport and conversion processes in the direct electrochemical synthesis of alcoholates with Nafion membranes”,Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 1992, 64(7), 648-649.
Hong, H.Y-P., “Crystal Structures and Crystal Chemistry in the System Na1+xZr2SixP3-x012”,Mat. Res. Bull., vol. 11, 1976. Pergamon Press, Inc. Printed in the United States, 173-186.
Koter, S., “Electrosynthesis of methanolates by membrane electrolysis”,Polish Journal of Chemistry, 1997, 71(2), 232-243.
Shannon, R.D., et al., “Inonic Conductivity in Na5YSi4012 Type Silicates”,Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 17, No. 4 (1978), 958-964.
Sridhar, S., “Electrodialysis in a non-aqueous medium: production of sodium methoxide”,Journal of Membrane Science, 1996, 113(1),73-79.
Strathmann, H., “Bipolar membranes: their properties and applications”,Clean and Efficient Processing: Electrochemical Technology for Synthesis, Separations, Recycle, and Environmental Improvement, international Forum, electrolysis in the Chemical Industry, 12th, Clearwater Beach, Fla., (Oct. 11, 1998), 221-251.
Sutija, Davor, et al., “Ceramic Cleansers: Environmental Uses of Sodium Super-Ionic Conducting Ceramics”,The Electrochemical Society Interface, Winter 1996, vol. 5, No. 4, 26-30.
Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/010,822 sent Jun. 30, 2008, 1-6.
“International Search Report for PCT/US07/00968 sent Oct. 1, 2007”, 1-2.
“Written Opinion for PCT/US07/00968 sent Oct. 1, 2007”, 1-5.
“International Search Report for PCT/US06/48746 sent Oct. 1, 2007”, 1-2.
“Written Opinion for PCT/US06/48746 sent Oct. 1, 2007”, 1-4.
“International Search Report for PCT/US07/25541 sent Mar. 17, 2008”, 1-2.
“Written Opinion for PCT/US07/25541 sent Mar. 17, 2008”, 1-6.
“International Search Report”, (Jul. 7, 2008),1-2.
“Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority”, (Jul. 7, 2008),1-5.
“International Search Report”, (Dec. 18, 2008),1-2.
“Writ

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Electrolytic method to make alkali alcoholates using ceramic... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Electrolytic method to make alkali alcoholates using ceramic..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Electrolytic method to make alkali alcoholates using ceramic... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2656286

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.