Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Processes and products – Electrophoresis or electro-osmosis processes and electrolyte...
Patent
1996-12-16
1998-09-29
Phasge, Arun S.
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Processes and products
Electrophoresis or electro-osmosis processes and electrolyte...
204527, 204530, 204533, 204536, 204540, 204541, 204543, 204544, B01D 6148
Patent
active
058141979
ABSTRACT:
Improved electrodialysis (ED) stacks are disclosed having one or more components selected from the group:
a) cation exchange membranes having ion exchange groups predominantly sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent cations and simultaneously therewith, cation exchange granules selective to monovalent cations as packing in the dilute compartments;
b) anion exchange membranes having as ion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and substantially no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent anions simultaneously therewith, anion exchange granules selective to monovalent anions as packing in the dilute compartments;
c) as packing in the dilute compartment, anion exchange granules which are selective to monovalent anions, or cation exchange granules which are selective to monovalent cations, or cation exchange granules having as exchange groups a predominant amount of sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups, or anion exchange granules consisting of organic polymers having as anion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and almost no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups.
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Batchelder Bruce T.
Elyanow Irving D.
Goldstein Arthur L.
MacDonald Russell J.
McRae Wayne A.
Ionics Incorporated
Phasge Arun S,.
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