Electric heating – Metal heating – Of cylinders
Patent
1988-10-07
1990-09-11
Leung, Philip H.
Electric heating
Metal heating
Of cylinders
219278, 166 60, 166248, 405131, 405258, 299 14, H05B 654
Patent
active
049565354
ABSTRACT:
An electrode comprising a molybdenum rod is received within a conductive collar formed of graphite. The molybdenum rod and the graphite collar may be physically joined at the bottom. A pair of such electrodes are placed in soil containing buried waste material and an electric current is passed therebetween for vitrifying the soil. The graphite collar enhances the thermal conductivity of the combination, bringing heat to the surface, and preventing formation of a cold cap of material above the ground surface. The annulus between the molybdenum rod electrode and the graphite collar is suitably filled with a conductive ceramic powder that sinters upon the molybdenum rod, protecting the same from oxidation as graphite material is consumed, or a metal powder which liquefies at operating temperatures. The center of the molybdenum rod, used with a collar of separately, can be hollow and filled with a powdered metal, such as copper, which liquefies at operating temperatures. Connection to electrodes can be provided below ground level to avoid open circuit due to electrode deterioration, or sacrificial electrodes may be employed when operation is started. Outboard electrodes cna be utilized to square up a vitrified area.
REFERENCES:
patent: 944382 (1909-12-01), Ross
patent: 4196329 (1980-04-01), Rowland et al.
patent: 4376598 (1983-03-01), Brouns et al.
patent: 4412124 (1983-10-01), Kobayashi
patent: 4545435 (1985-10-01), Bridges et al.
patent: 4670634 (1987-06-01), Bridges et al.
patent: 4730671 (1988-03-01), Perkins
Buelt James L.
Carter John G.
Eschbach Eugene A.
FitzPatrick Vincent F.
Koehmstedt Paul L.
Battelle (Memorial Institute)
Leung Philip H.
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