Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Apparatus – Electrolytic
Reexamination Certificate
2006-07-11
2006-07-11
Noguerola, Alex (Department: 1753)
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Apparatus
Electrolytic
C204S403100, C204S403110, C600S345000, C600S347000
Reexamination Certificate
active
07074307
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for improved electrochemical measurement of analytes. The preferred embodiments employ electrode systems including an analyte-measuring electrode for measuring the analyte or the product of an enzyme reaction with the analyte and an auxiliary electrode configured to generate oxygen and/or reduce electrochemical interferants. Oxygen generation by the auxiliary electrode advantageously improves oxygen availability to the enzyme and/or counter electrode; thereby enabling the electrochemical sensors of the preferred embodiments to function even during ischemic conditions. Interferant modification by the auxiliary electrode advantageously renders them substantially non-reactive at the analyte-measuring electrode, thereby reducing or eliminating inaccuracies in the analyte signal due to electrochemical interferants.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4255500 (1981-03-01), Hooke
patent: 4374013 (1983-02-01), Enfors
patent: 4388166 (1983-06-01), Suzuki et al.
patent: 4431004 (1984-02-01), Bessman et al.
patent: 4431507 (1984-02-01), Nankai et al.
patent: 4671288 (1987-06-01), Gough
patent: 4703756 (1987-11-01), Gough et al.
patent: 4721677 (1988-01-01), Clark, Jr.
patent: 4757022 (1988-07-01), Shults et al.
patent: 4776944 (1988-10-01), Janata et al.
patent: 4781798 (1988-11-01), Gough
patent: 4890620 (1990-01-01), Gough
patent: 4994167 (1991-02-01), Shults et al.
patent: 5030333 (1991-07-01), Clark, Jr.
patent: 5140985 (1992-08-01), Schroeder et al.
patent: 5198771 (1993-03-01), Fidler et al.
patent: 5411647 (1995-05-01), Johnson et al.
patent: 5428123 (1995-06-01), Ward et al.
patent: 5431160 (1995-07-01), Wilkins
patent: 5496453 (1996-03-01), Uenoyama et al.
patent: 5571395 (1996-11-01), Park et al.
patent: 5605152 (1997-02-01), Slate et al.
patent: 5628890 (1997-05-01), Carter et al.
patent: 5653863 (1997-08-01), Genshaw et al.
patent: 5686829 (1997-11-01), Girault
patent: 5795774 (1998-08-01), Matsumoto et al.
patent: 5914026 (1999-06-01), Blubaugh, Jr. et al.
patent: 5964993 (1999-10-01), Blubaugh et al.
patent: 5965380 (1999-10-01), Heller et al.
patent: 5985129 (1999-11-01), Gough et al.
patent: 5999848 (1999-12-01), Gord et al.
patent: 6001067 (1999-12-01), Shults et al.
patent: 6066448 (2000-05-01), Wohlstadter et al.
patent: 6081735 (2000-06-01), Diab et al.
patent: 6081736 (2000-06-01), Colvin et al.
patent: 6088608 (2000-07-01), Schulman et al.
patent: 6119028 (2000-09-01), Schulman et al.
patent: 6120676 (2000-09-01), Heller et al.
patent: 6122536 (2000-09-01), Sun et al.
patent: 6134461 (2000-10-01), Say et al.
patent: 6141573 (2000-10-01), Kurnik et al.
patent: 6144869 (2000-11-01), Berner et al.
patent: 6189536 (2001-02-01), Martinez et al.
patent: 6212416 (2001-04-01), Ward et al.
patent: 6264825 (2001-07-01), Blackburn et al.
patent: 6274285 (2001-08-01), Gries et al.
patent: 6300002 (2001-10-01), Webb et al.
patent: 6325979 (2001-12-01), Hahn et al.
patent: 6329161 (2001-12-01), Heller et al.
patent: 6356776 (2002-03-01), Berner et al.
patent: 6400974 (2002-06-01), Lesho
patent: 6466810 (2002-10-01), Ward et al.
patent: 6512939 (2003-01-01), Colvin et al.
patent: 6514718 (2003-02-01), Heller et al.
patent: 6542765 (2003-04-01), Guy et al.
patent: 6546268 (2003-04-01), Ishikawa et al.
patent: 6551496 (2003-04-01), Moles et al.
patent: 6558321 (2003-05-01), Burd et al.
patent: 6595919 (2003-07-01), Berner et al.
patent: 6615078 (2003-09-01), Burson et al.
patent: 6618934 (2003-09-01), Feldman et al.
patent: 6702857 (2004-03-01), Brauker et al.
patent: 6741877 (2004-05-01), Shults et al.
patent: 6809507 (2004-10-01), Morgan et al.
patent: 6862465 (2005-03-01), Shults et al.
patent: 6891317 (2005-05-01), Pei et al.
patent: 6892085 (2005-05-01), McIvor et al.
patent: 2003/0032874 (2003-02-01), Rhodes et al.
patent: 2003/0050546 (2003-03-01), Desai et al.
patent: 2004/0106857 (2004-06-01), Gough
patent: 2004/0219664 (2004-11-01), Heller et al.
patent: 2005/0027180 (2005-02-01), Goode et al.
patent: 2005/0027181 (2005-02-01), Goode et al.
patent: 2005/0027463 (2005-02-01), Goode et al.
patent: 2005/0031689 (2005-02-01), Shults et al.
patent: 2005/0033132 (2005-02-01), Shults et al.
patent: 2005/0043598 (2005-02-01), Goode et al.
patent: 2005/0051427 (2005-03-01), Brauker et al.
patent: 2005/0051440 (2005-03-01), Simpson et al.
patent: 2005/0054909 (2005-03-01), Petisce et al.
patent: 2005/0056552 (2005-03-01), Simpson et al.
patent: 2005/0090607 (2005-04-01), Tapsak et al.
patent: 2005/0112169 (2005-05-01), Brauker et al.
patent: 2005/0192557 (2005-09-01), Brauker et al.
patent: 0539625 (1993-05-01), None
patent: 1153571 (2001-11-01), None
patent: 2 656 423 (1991-06-01), None
patent: 1 442 303 (1976-07-01), None
patent: 62083849 (1987-04-01), None
patent: WO 94/22367 (1994-10-01), None
patent: WO 99/58051 (1999-11-01), None
patent: WO 01/68901 (2001-09-01), None
patent: WO 01/88524 (2001-11-01), None
patent: WO 04/021877 (2004-03-01), None
U.S. Appl. No. 10/897,377 filed Jul. 21, 2004.
Bott, A.W. 1997. A comparison of cyclic voltammetry and staircase voltammetry. Current Separations, 16(1):23-26.
Wilson, et al. 1992. Progress toward the development of an implantable sensor for glucose. Clin. Chem., 38(9):1613-1617.
Abel, P. U.; von Woedtke, T. Biosensors for in vivo glucose measurement: can we cross the experimental stage. Biosens Bioelectron 2002, 17, 1059-1070.
Baker, et al. 1993. Dynamic concentration challenges for biosensor characterization.Biosensors&Bioelectronics,8:433-441.
Bindra, et al. 1989. Pulsed amperometric detection of glucose in biological fluids at a surface-modified gold electrode.Anal Chem, 61:2566-2570.
Bisenberger, et al. 1995. A triple-step potential waveform at enzyme multisensors with thick-film gold electrodes for detection of glucose and sucrose.Sensors and Actuators, B 28:181-189.
Bott, A. 1998. Electrochemical methods for the determination of glucose.Current Separations, 17(1):25-31.
Choleau, et al. 2002. Calibration of a subcutaneo amperometric glucose sensor. Part 1. Effect of measurement uncertainties on the determination of sensor sensitivity and background current.Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 17:641-646.
Dixon, et al. 2002. Characterization in vitro and in vivo of the oxygen dependence of an enzyme/polymer biosensor for monitoring brain glucose.Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 119:135-142.
Gilligan, B. C.; Shults, M.; Rhodes, R. K.; Jacobs, P. G.; Brauker, J. H.; Pintar, T. J.; Updike, S. J. Feasibility of continuo long-term glucose monitoring from a subcutaneous glucose sensor in humans. Diabetes Technol Ther 2004, 6, 378-386.
Hall, et al. 1998. Electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen peroxide at platinum electrodes. Part 1. An adsorption-controlled mechanism.Electrochimica Acta, 43(5-6):579-588.
Hall, et al. 1998. Electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen peroxide at platinum electrodes. Part II: Effect of potential.Electrochimica Acta, 43(14-15):2015-2024.
Hall, et al. 1999. Electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen peroxide at platinum electrodes. Part III: Effect of temperature.Electrochimica Acta, 44:2455-2462.
Hall, et al. 1999. Electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen peroxide at platinum electrodes. Part IV: Phosphate buffer dependence.Electrochimica Acta, 44:4573-4582.
Hall, et al. 2000. Electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen peroxide at platinum electrodes. Part V: Inhibition by chloride.Electrochimica Acta, 45:3573-3579.
Heller, A. Implanted electrochemical glucose sensors for the management of diabetes. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 1999, 1, 153-175.
Hitchman, M. L. 1978. “Measurement of Dissolved Oxygen.” In Elving, et al. (Eds.). Chemical Analysis, vol. 49, Chap. 3, pp. 34-49, 59-123. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Huang, C., O'Grady, W.E.; Yeager, E. Electrochemical Generation of Oxygen. 1: The Effects of Anions and Cations on Hydrogen Chemisorption and Aniodic Oxide Film Formation on Platinum Electrode. 2: The Effects of Anions and Cations on Oxygen Generation on Platinum Electrode, pp. 1-116, Aug. 1975.
Jablecki, et al. 2000. Simulations of the frequency response of implan
Brauker James H.
Carr-Brendel Victoria
Petisce James R.
Simpson Peter C.
DexCom, Inc.
Knobbe Martens Olson & Bear LLP
Noguerola Alex
LandOfFree
Electrode systems for electrochemical sensors does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Electrode systems for electrochemical sensors, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Electrode systems for electrochemical sensors will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3604618