Optical: systems and elements – Optical modulator – Light wave temporal modulation
Patent
1994-10-31
1995-08-29
Sugarman, Scott J.
Optical: systems and elements
Optical modulator
Light wave temporal modulation
359267, 359269, G02F 1153
Patent
active
054465770
ABSTRACT:
Display devices incorporating an improved working electrode are disclosed. The devices comprise a transparent outer layer, a first electrode having a reflective surface facing the transparent layer, an electrochromic material located between the reflective surface and the outer transparent layer, an electrolyte in contact with the electrochromic material and a second electrode located behind the first electrode. The first electrode is ion-permeable, allowing ions to pass through and contact the electrochromic material in order to alter the optical properties of the material. The electrochromic material is preferably a conductive polymer such, as polyaniline. The display devices are capable of changing reflectance and/or color by the application of an electric potential to the electrodes.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3844636 (1974-10-01), Maricle et al.
patent: 3879108 (1975-04-01), Berets
patent: 4006966 (1977-02-01), Meyers et al.
patent: 4009936 (1977-03-01), Kasai
patent: 4135790 (1970-01-01), Takahashi et al.
patent: 4167308 (1979-09-01), Barclay et al.
patent: 4167309 (1979-09-01), Barclay et al.
patent: 4233339 (1980-11-01), Leibowitz et al.
patent: 4256380 (1981-03-01), Barclay et al.
patent: 4258984 (1981-03-01), Beni et al.
patent: 4294518 (1981-10-01), O'Connor et al.
patent: 4416517 (1983-11-01), Beall et al.
patent: 4448493 (1984-05-01), Matsudaira et al.
patent: 4459035 (1984-07-01), Nanya et al.
patent: 4465339 (1984-08-01), Baucke et al.
patent: 4550982 (1985-11-01), Hirai
patent: 4749260 (1988-06-01), Yang et al.
patent: 4768865 (1988-10-01), Greenboro et al.
patent: 4887890 (1989-12-01), Scherber et al.
patent: 4892394 (1990-01-01), Bidabad
patent: 4960324 (1990-10-01), Brown
patent: 4993810 (1991-02-01), Demiryont
IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin vol. 19, No. 10, Mar. 1977, New York, p. 3879.
C. M. Lampert and C. G. Granqvist, "Introduction to Chromogenics", Large-Area Chromogenics: Materials and Devices for Transmittance Control, SPIE Institute Series vol. IS 4, pp. 2-19 (1990).
Kuo-Chuan Ho, David E. Singleton & Charles B. Greenberg: "Effect of Cell Size on the Performance of Electrochromic Windows," Proceedings of the Symposium on Electrochromic Materials, Proceedings--The Electrochemical Society, vol. 90, No. 2 pp. 349-364 (1989).
Bennett Russell N.
Boxall Larry G.
Hannan Michael J.
Kokonaski William E.
Chin Gay
Martin Marietta Corporation
Rees Brian J.
Robbins Thomas
Sugarman Scott J.
LandOfFree
Electrode for display devices does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Electrode for display devices, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Electrode for display devices will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1823963