Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Apparatus – Electrolytic
Patent
1992-08-05
1994-05-17
Gorgos, Kathryn
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Apparatus
Electrolytic
204288, 204289, C25C 702
Patent
active
053125339
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an electrode element for electrolytic purposes, in particular for an electrolysis cell for electrolytic precipitation of metals from a liquid containing metal ions, having a frame provided with parallel side sections of electrically insulating plastic, each with at least one conduit for supplying a liquid ion conductor and at least one conduit for the removal of this ion conductor, where at least one plate-shaped active part is disposed between both conduits to serve as an electrode, along which the ion conductor flows and where the active surface of the electrode is covered by an ion exchange diaphragm, as well as to its use.
BACKGROUND
The electrode element is preferably intended for use as an anode in an electrolysis cell, such as is known from German Letters Patent DE-PS 36 40 020; because of a plurality of cathodes and comparatively few anodes, the electrolysis cell disclosed in this Letters Patent has an advantageous surface ratio of cathodes to anodes. Here, it is possible, for example, to separate the cathode chamber filled with waste water from the anodes by means of a diaphragm, so that the anode(s) are located in a closed-off anolyte chamber which protects the anode from the process liquid which might contain aggressive substances. The anolyte chambers are provided with their own electrolyte supply and removal devices for circulation. The anodes located in the anolyte chambers have a flat structure, and the anode surfaces are disposed parallel to the surfaces of the cathodes.
In this known device, the cover and corrosion of the diaphragm to be placed on the frame of the anodes as well as protection of the diaphragm against the metal precipitated on the adjacent cathodes presents problems, where it is possible, particularly when removing the cathode, that the adjacent diaphragm becomes damaged.
Furthermore, an electrode is known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,608,144 having a frame of electrically insulating plastic into which an electrode plate made on the basis of plastic is integrated. The lower part and the upper part of the insulated frame are each provided with a chamber-like liquid supply and liquid removal device which terminates in a plurality of individual conduits provided by the surface of the electrode structure. By the employment of a plurality of electrode plates disposed parallel to each other and separated by diaphragms, it is possible to construct a bipolar electrode with alternatingly inserted anode and cathode parts; such a bipolar electrode is suitable for chloralkali electrolysis. However, because of the lack of space between the cathode and the diaphragm, the precipitation of metal on this bipolar electrode is not possible.
An electrode arrangement in a metal recovery cell for cleaning industrial process solutions and waste water in a reservoir is known from European Patent Disclosure EP-OS 36 640, which for retaining plate-shaped electrodes has an open frame of parallel lateral strips as spacing elements and consists of electrically-insulating corrosion-resistant plastic; cathodes are disposed on both sides of the anode at a distance set by the frame, and no diaphragms or membranes are provided between the electrodes.
The cell is integrated into the reservoir and the input and output to the electrolysis chamber between the electrodes are kept free in order to obtain a circulation which generates gas bubbles between the reservoir chamber and the electrolysis chamber. On the one hand, the distance between the electrodes, must be large enough to provide space for precipitated metals but , on the other hand, not too great so that sufficient metal precipitation up to a remaining concentration of .ltoreq. 1 ppm of metal ions can be achieved.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to provide an electrode element, the electrode chamber of which is to be separated from the remaining electrolysis chamber by a diaphragm without sealing problems and without corrosion problems such as can occur because of bolting together and associated bolt ele
REFERENCES:
patent: 3708415 (1973-01-01), Hubbard
patent: 4085026 (1978-04-01), Halford
patent: 4605483 (1986-08-01), Michaelson
Blatt Wolfgang
Heinke Harri
Mayr Max
Gorgos Kathryn
Heraeus Electrochemie GmbH
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