Optical: systems and elements – Optical modulator – Light wave temporal modulation
Reexamination Certificate
2006-02-21
2006-02-21
Schwartz, Jordan M. (Department: 2873)
Optical: systems and elements
Optical modulator
Light wave temporal modulation
C359S265000, C359S267000, C359S275000
Reexamination Certificate
active
07002722
ABSTRACT:
Large contrast ratio and rapid switching laminated electrochromic (EC) polymer device includes transparent electrode, cathodic EC polymer, gel electrolyte, and counter-electrode. Preferably the cathodic EC polymer is a poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) derivative, PProDOT-Me2. Counter-electrode is a conductive coating deposited on transparent substrate, with preferred coatings including gold and highly conductive carbon. Lithography and sputtering can be employed to pattern a gold layer, while screen printing can be employed to similarly pattern graphite. Empirical studies of preferred device indicate a color change of high contrast ratio of transmittance (>50% T) is rapidly (0.5–1s) obtained upon applied 2.5V, repeatable to at least 10,000 times, as estimated by electrochemistry. Dual layer EC devices including PProDOT-Me2are also disclosed, as are methods for synthesizing preferred EC polymers. Preferred synthesis method for obtaining PProDOT-Me2involves refluxing reagents in toluene in the presence of catalyst, while continually removing methanol byproduct from refluxing solution.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4993810 (1991-02-01), Demiryont
patent: 5006633 (1991-04-01), Shikatani et al.
patent: 5042923 (1991-08-01), Wolf et al.
patent: 5598293 (1997-01-01), Green
patent: 5699192 (1997-12-01), Van Dine et al.
patent: 5724176 (1998-03-01), Nishikitani et al.
patent: 5883220 (1999-03-01), Armand et al.
patent: 5888431 (1999-03-01), Tonar et al.
patent: 6005705 (1999-12-01), Schmidt et al.
patent: 6011642 (2000-01-01), Vink et al.
patent: 6136161 (2000-10-01), Yu et al.
patent: 6197923 (2001-03-01), Yamamoto
patent: 6373618 (2002-04-01), Agrawal et al.
patent: 6667825 (2003-12-01), Lu et al.
patent: 6730212 (2004-05-01), Yamagishi et al.
patent: 6734956 (2004-05-01), Byrne et al.
patent: 6791738 (2004-09-01), Reynolds et al.
patent: 2003/0174377 (2003-09-01), Reynolds et al.
Sapp, Shawn A. et al. “High Contrast Ratio and Fast-Switching Dual Polymer Electocromic.”Chem Mater. 10:2101-2108.
Welsh, Dean M. et al. 1999. “Enhanced Contrast Ratios and Rapid Switching in Electrochromics Based on Poly (3,4-propylenediozythiophene) Derivitives.”Advanced Materials11:16 1379-1382.
Schwenderman, Irina et al. 2001. “Combined Visible and Infrared Electrochromism Using Dual Polymer Devices.”Advanced Materials13:9 634-637.
Taya Minoru
Xu Chunye
Anderson Ronald M.
Schwartz Jordan M.
Stultz Jessica
University of Washington
LandOfFree
Electrochromic organic polymer synthesis and devices... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Electrochromic organic polymer synthesis and devices..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Electrochromic organic polymer synthesis and devices... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3642019