Optical: systems and elements – Optical modulator – Light wave temporal modulation
Patent
1991-12-31
1994-01-04
Mintel, William
Optical: systems and elements
Optical modulator
Light wave temporal modulation
359265, 359269, 429192, G02F 101, G02F 103
Patent
active
052765474
ABSTRACT:
An electrochromic element useful in an electrochromic glass or mirror device and a process for making such element. The element is a five-layered structure including an electrolyte ion conducting layer interposed between first and second inorganic electrochromic layers which are interposed between a pair of conductive electrodes. The first and second inorganic electrochromic layers are different and are capable of exhibiting color-forming properties complementary to one another upon the incorporation of an alkali metal or Ag ion, a mixture of alkali metal or Ag ions or a mixture of alkali metal or Ag and hydrogen ions. The electrolyte ion conducting layer may be a copolymer of ethylene oxide, butylene oxide or methyl glycidyl ether, and optionally a small amount of allyl glycidyl ether, along with an ionizable salt, or may be a polyurethane gel formed by reacting the copolymer with triisocyanate, along with an ionizable salt. The second inorganic electrochromic layer comprises a transition metal oxide which exhibits a color change when shifting between the +2 and +3 valence states. The second inorganic electrochromic layer may be produced by an electrochemical process, a chemical process, or by a physical process. The electrochromic element may also comprise a plurality of five-layer structures in tandem, each pair separated by a substrate.
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Bourrel Maurice
Campet Guy
Chabagno Jean M.
Couput Jean P.
Delmas Claude
Elf Atochem North America Inc.
Mintel William
Saadat Mahshid
Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine
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