Electricity: battery or capacitor charging or discharging – Serially connected batteries or cells – With discharge of cells or batteries
Patent
1974-12-30
1977-08-30
Hickey, Robert J.
Electricity: battery or capacitor charging or discharging
Serially connected batteries or cells
With discharge of cells or batteries
204195R, 324 295, H02J 700, G01N 2726
Patent
active
040457214
ABSTRACT:
A simple and rugged transducer has an electric potential output which is a measure of the concentration of a sensed sulphuric acid. The small temperature coefficient of potential is linear and correctable. The resistance of the transducer is a strong and negative function of temperature. It is used to measure electrolyte temperature and to compensate variable characteristics of batteries and reagents.
A battery is automatically charged in 21/2 hours. Both transducer potential and resistance are used in a new and doubly responsive closed loop system which regulates charging current so that it is as high as can safely be used.
A battery gage conveniently shows available charge or energy at the present temperature of the battery.
Chemical reagent strength is measured and controlled.
The transducer uses the discovery that an electric potential of 40 millivolts exists between two electrodes -- one in contact with the electrolyte of a fully charged lead-acid cell, and the other in contact with the weaker electrolyte of a discharged cell -- when the electrolytes are electrolytically joined by an electrolyte in an insulated container constructed to prevent mixing of the electrolytes. The strength of different types of electrolytes is sensed in a similar structure.
Theory is given and preferred transducers are described. These are matched to measuring and controlling instruments using an improved method and integrated circuit amplifier.
REFERENCES:
patent: 1988192 (1935-01-01), Drabin
patent: 2844532 (1958-07-01), White et al.
patent: 3461055 (1969-08-01), Staunton
patent: 3505195 (1970-04-01), Nielsen et al.
patent: 3810828 (1974-05-01), Lindholm
"Performance and Application of a New Reference Electrode for Process Potentiometric Measurements," R. Murtineti & Jones; ISA Transactions, vol. 1, No. 1; (1970) pp. 90, 91.
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