Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Apparatus – Coating – forming or etching by sputtering
Patent
1992-06-22
1993-10-05
Niebling, John
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Apparatus
Coating, forming or etching by sputtering
204300R, 2041801, B01D 734
Patent
active
052501671
ABSTRACT:
Electrically controlled polymeric gel actuators or synthetic muscles capable of undergoing substantial expansion and contraction when subjected to changing pH environments, temperature, or solvent. The actuators employ compliant containers for the gels and their solvents. The gels employed may be cylindrical electromechanical gel fibers such as polyacrylamide fibers or a mixture of poly vinyl alcohol-polyacrylic acid arranged in a parallel aggregate and contained in an electrolytic solvent bath such as salt water. The invention includes smart, electrically activated devices exploiting this phenomenon. These devices are capable of being manipulated via active computer control as large displacement actuators for use in adaptive structure such as robots.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4522698 (1985-06-01), Maget
patent: 5100933 (1992-03-01), Tanaka et al.
Adolf Douglas B.
Segalman Daniel J.
Shahinpoor Mohsen
Witkowski Walter R.
Libman George H.
Mayekar Kishor
Niebling John
Stanley Timothy D.
The United States of America as represented by the United States
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